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Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review

Research into using artificial intelligence (AI) in health care is growing and several observers predicted that AI would play a key role in the clinical response to the COVID-19. Many AI models have been proposed though previous reviews have identified only a few applications used in clinical practi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mann, Sean, Berdahl, Carl T., Baker, Lawrence, Girosi, Federico
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9931281/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36812557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000132
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author Mann, Sean
Berdahl, Carl T.
Baker, Lawrence
Girosi, Federico
author_facet Mann, Sean
Berdahl, Carl T.
Baker, Lawrence
Girosi, Federico
author_sort Mann, Sean
collection PubMed
description Research into using artificial intelligence (AI) in health care is growing and several observers predicted that AI would play a key role in the clinical response to the COVID-19. Many AI models have been proposed though previous reviews have identified only a few applications used in clinical practice. In this study, we aim to (1) identify and characterize AI applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19; (2) examine the timing, location, and extent of their use; (3) examine how they relate to pre-pandemic applications and the U.S. regulatory approval process; and (4) characterize the evidence that is available to support their use. We searched academic and grey literature sources to identify 66 AI applications that performed a wide range of diagnostic, prognostic, and triage functions in the clinical response to COVID-19. Many were deployed early in the pandemic and most were used in the U.S., other high-income countries, or China. While some applications were used to care for hundreds of thousands of patients, others were used to an unknown or limited extent. We found studies supporting the use of 39 applications, though few of these were independent evaluations and we found no clinical trials evaluating any application’s impact on patient health. Due to limited evidence, it is impossible to determine the extent to which the clinical use of AI in the pandemic response has benefited patients overall. Further research is needed, particularly independent evaluations on AI application performance and health impacts in real-world care settings.
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spelling pubmed-99312812023-02-16 Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review Mann, Sean Berdahl, Carl T. Baker, Lawrence Girosi, Federico PLOS Digit Health Research Article Research into using artificial intelligence (AI) in health care is growing and several observers predicted that AI would play a key role in the clinical response to the COVID-19. Many AI models have been proposed though previous reviews have identified only a few applications used in clinical practice. In this study, we aim to (1) identify and characterize AI applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19; (2) examine the timing, location, and extent of their use; (3) examine how they relate to pre-pandemic applications and the U.S. regulatory approval process; and (4) characterize the evidence that is available to support their use. We searched academic and grey literature sources to identify 66 AI applications that performed a wide range of diagnostic, prognostic, and triage functions in the clinical response to COVID-19. Many were deployed early in the pandemic and most were used in the U.S., other high-income countries, or China. While some applications were used to care for hundreds of thousands of patients, others were used to an unknown or limited extent. We found studies supporting the use of 39 applications, though few of these were independent evaluations and we found no clinical trials evaluating any application’s impact on patient health. Due to limited evidence, it is impossible to determine the extent to which the clinical use of AI in the pandemic response has benefited patients overall. Further research is needed, particularly independent evaluations on AI application performance and health impacts in real-world care settings. Public Library of Science 2022-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9931281/ /pubmed/36812557 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000132 Text en © 2022 Mann et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mann, Sean
Berdahl, Carl T.
Baker, Lawrence
Girosi, Federico
Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review
title Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review
title_full Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review
title_fullStr Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review
title_full_unstemmed Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review
title_short Artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to COVID-19: A scoping review
title_sort artificial intelligence applications used in the clinical response to covid-19: a scoping review
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9931281/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36812557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000132
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