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Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients

Since the emergence of the virulent coronavirus in 2019, efforts to tackle the coronavirus-disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been made globally. The development of the coronavirus disease (COVID) vaccine was a significant breakthrough in ways to tackle the virus. Various research studies have be...

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Autores principales: Park, Joo Kyung, Bhandari, Sunil
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9931721/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36817787
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1103699
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author Park, Joo Kyung
Bhandari, Sunil
author_facet Park, Joo Kyung
Bhandari, Sunil
author_sort Park, Joo Kyung
collection PubMed
description Since the emergence of the virulent coronavirus in 2019, efforts to tackle the coronavirus-disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been made globally. The development of the coronavirus disease (COVID) vaccine was a significant breakthrough in ways to tackle the virus. Various research studies have been conducted to identify how the virus works and ways to manage COVID, including the efficacy of the vaccines. However, there is limited data on how these measures work for the immunocompromised, despite the grave impact of these virulent strains in this population. Specifically, this review aims to focus on kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Studies have suggested that there is significantly lower vaccine response in some immunocompromised groups despite additional booster doses, and hence warrants an augmented or alternative protection against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for these patients. This suggests a need for alternative or more tailored approach in providing adequate protection against the COVID-19 in these cohorts. Some suggested ways include withholding immunosuppressants before and/or after vaccination, increasing the vaccine doses or reducing intervals and providing a mixture of monoclonal antibody (mAb) or antiviral therapy. However, the appropriate degree of alteration and augmentation, as well as its safety and effectiveness remains to be determined. Furthermore, continuous emergence of more virulent strains, such as the Omicron and its sub-lineages or the Deltacron, emphasises the need for ongoing research to assess the effectiveness of the current treatment against these new variants. Overall, active interest and appropriate updates to COVID-19 guidelines is necessary.
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spelling pubmed-99317212023-02-17 Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients Park, Joo Kyung Bhandari, Sunil Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Since the emergence of the virulent coronavirus in 2019, efforts to tackle the coronavirus-disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been made globally. The development of the coronavirus disease (COVID) vaccine was a significant breakthrough in ways to tackle the virus. Various research studies have been conducted to identify how the virus works and ways to manage COVID, including the efficacy of the vaccines. However, there is limited data on how these measures work for the immunocompromised, despite the grave impact of these virulent strains in this population. Specifically, this review aims to focus on kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Studies have suggested that there is significantly lower vaccine response in some immunocompromised groups despite additional booster doses, and hence warrants an augmented or alternative protection against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for these patients. This suggests a need for alternative or more tailored approach in providing adequate protection against the COVID-19 in these cohorts. Some suggested ways include withholding immunosuppressants before and/or after vaccination, increasing the vaccine doses or reducing intervals and providing a mixture of monoclonal antibody (mAb) or antiviral therapy. However, the appropriate degree of alteration and augmentation, as well as its safety and effectiveness remains to be determined. Furthermore, continuous emergence of more virulent strains, such as the Omicron and its sub-lineages or the Deltacron, emphasises the need for ongoing research to assess the effectiveness of the current treatment against these new variants. Overall, active interest and appropriate updates to COVID-19 guidelines is necessary. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9931721/ /pubmed/36817787 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1103699 Text en Copyright © 2023 Park and Bhandari. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Park, Joo Kyung
Bhandari, Sunil
Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients
title Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients
title_full Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients
title_fullStr Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients
title_full_unstemmed Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients
title_short Literature review on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients
title_sort literature review on covid-19 vaccine efficacy in the immunocompromised population, and possible implications to future vaccination in kidney transplant patients
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9931721/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36817787
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1103699
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