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Pulmonary Recovery 12 Months after Non-Severe and Severe COVID-19: The Prospective Swiss COVID-19 Lung Study

BACKGROUND: Lung function impairment persists in some patients for months after acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Long-term lung function, radiological features, and their association remain to be clarified. Objectives: We aimed to prospectively investigate lung function and radiological ab...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lenoir, Alexandra, Christe, Andreas, Ebner, Lukas, Beigelman-Aubry, Catherine, Bridevaux, Pierre-Olivier, Brutsche, Martin, Clarenbach, Christian, Erkosar, Berra, Garzoni, Christian, Geiser, Thomas, Guler, Sabina A., Heg, Dik, Lador, Frédéric, Mancinetti, Marco, Ott, Sebastian R., Piquilloud, Lise, Prella, Maura, Que, Yok-Ai, von Garnier, Christophe, Funke-Chambour, Manuela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: S. Karger AG 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9932828/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36566741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000528611
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Lung function impairment persists in some patients for months after acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Long-term lung function, radiological features, and their association remain to be clarified. Objectives: We aimed to prospectively investigate lung function and radiological abnormalities over 12 months after severe and non-severe COVID-19. METHODS: 584 patients were included in the Swiss COVID-19 lung study. We assessed lung function at 3, 6, and 12 months after acute COVID-19 and compared chest computed tomography (CT) imaging to lung functional abnormalities. RESULTS: At 12 months, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO<sub>corr</sub>) was lower after severe COVID-19 compared to non-severe COVID-19 (74.9% vs. 85.2% predicted, p < 0.001). Similarly, minimal oxygen saturation on 6-min walk test and total lung capacity were lower after severe COVID-19 (89.6% vs. 92.2%, p = 0.004, respectively, 88.2% vs. 95.1% predicted, p = 0.011). The difference for forced vital capacity (91.6% vs. 96.3% predicted, p = 0.082) was not statistically significant. Between 3 and 12 months, lung function improved in both groups and differences in DLCO between non-severe and severe COVID-19 patients decreased. In patients with chest CT scans at 12 months, we observed a correlation between radiological abnormalities and reduced lung function. While the overall extent of radiological abnormalities diminished over time, the frequency of mosaic attenuation and curvilinear patterns increased. CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective cohort study, patients who had severe COVID-19 had diminished lung function over the first year compared to those after non-severe COVID-19, albeit with a greater extent of recovery in the severe disease group.