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Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are effective at limiting disease severity, but effectiveness is lower among patients with cancer or immunosuppression. Effectiveness wanes with time and varies by vaccine type. Moreover, previously prescribed vaccines were based on the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein that eme...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9934028/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36623200 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2211132120 |
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author | Voutouri, Chrysovalantis Hardin, C. Corey Naranbhai, Vivek Nikmaneshi, Mohammad R. Khandekar, Melin J. Gainor, Justin F. Stylianopoulos, Triantafyllos Munn, Lance L. Jain, Rakesh K. |
author_facet | Voutouri, Chrysovalantis Hardin, C. Corey Naranbhai, Vivek Nikmaneshi, Mohammad R. Khandekar, Melin J. Gainor, Justin F. Stylianopoulos, Triantafyllos Munn, Lance L. Jain, Rakesh K. |
author_sort | Voutouri, Chrysovalantis |
collection | PubMed |
description | SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are effective at limiting disease severity, but effectiveness is lower among patients with cancer or immunosuppression. Effectiveness wanes with time and varies by vaccine type. Moreover, previously prescribed vaccines were based on the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein that emerging variants may evade. Here, we describe a mechanistic mathematical model for vaccination-induced immunity. We validate it with available clinical data and use it to simulate the effectiveness of vaccines against viral variants with lower antigenicity, increased virulence, or enhanced cell binding for various vaccine platforms. The analysis includes the omicron variant as well as hypothetical future variants with even greater immune evasion of vaccine-induced antibodies and addresses the potential benefits of the new bivalent vaccines. We further account for concurrent cancer or underlying immunosuppression. The model confirms enhanced immunogenicity following booster vaccination in immunosuppressed patients but predicts ongoing booster requirements for these individuals to maintain protection. We further studied the impact of variants on immunosuppressed individuals as a function of the interval between multiple booster doses. Our model suggests possible strategies for future vaccinations and suggests tailored strategies for high-risk groups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9934028 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99340282023-02-17 Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Voutouri, Chrysovalantis Hardin, C. Corey Naranbhai, Vivek Nikmaneshi, Mohammad R. Khandekar, Melin J. Gainor, Justin F. Stylianopoulos, Triantafyllos Munn, Lance L. Jain, Rakesh K. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are effective at limiting disease severity, but effectiveness is lower among patients with cancer or immunosuppression. Effectiveness wanes with time and varies by vaccine type. Moreover, previously prescribed vaccines were based on the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein that emerging variants may evade. Here, we describe a mechanistic mathematical model for vaccination-induced immunity. We validate it with available clinical data and use it to simulate the effectiveness of vaccines against viral variants with lower antigenicity, increased virulence, or enhanced cell binding for various vaccine platforms. The analysis includes the omicron variant as well as hypothetical future variants with even greater immune evasion of vaccine-induced antibodies and addresses the potential benefits of the new bivalent vaccines. We further account for concurrent cancer or underlying immunosuppression. The model confirms enhanced immunogenicity following booster vaccination in immunosuppressed patients but predicts ongoing booster requirements for these individuals to maintain protection. We further studied the impact of variants on immunosuppressed individuals as a function of the interval between multiple booster doses. Our model suggests possible strategies for future vaccinations and suggests tailored strategies for high-risk groups. National Academy of Sciences 2023-01-09 2023-01-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9934028/ /pubmed/36623200 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2211132120 Text en Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Voutouri, Chrysovalantis Hardin, C. Corey Naranbhai, Vivek Nikmaneshi, Mohammad R. Khandekar, Melin J. Gainor, Justin F. Stylianopoulos, Triantafyllos Munn, Lance L. Jain, Rakesh K. Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 |
title | Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 |
title_full | Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 |
title_fullStr | Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 |
title_full_unstemmed | Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 |
title_short | Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 |
title_sort | mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with sars-cov-2 |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9934028/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36623200 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2211132120 |
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