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Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses

Globally, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 15.5% of female cancer deaths in 2020. Breast cancer is also the leading cause of female cancers in South Africa. The rapid epidemiological transition in South Africa may have an impact on the trends in breast cancer morta...

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Autores principales: Olorunfemi, Gbenga, Libhaber, Elena, Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu, Musenge, Eustasius
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9935608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36816918
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1056609
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author Olorunfemi, Gbenga
Libhaber, Elena
Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu
Musenge, Eustasius
author_facet Olorunfemi, Gbenga
Libhaber, Elena
Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu
Musenge, Eustasius
author_sort Olorunfemi, Gbenga
collection PubMed
description Globally, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 15.5% of female cancer deaths in 2020. Breast cancer is also the leading cause of female cancers in South Africa. The rapid epidemiological transition in South Africa may have an impact on the trends in breast cancer mortality in the country. We therefore evaluated the trends in the breast cancer mortality in SA over 20 years (1999–2020). METHODS: Joinpoint regression analyses of the trends in crude and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) of breast cancer among South African women were conducted from 1999 to 2018 using mortality data from Statistics South Africa. Age–period–cohort regression analysis was then conducted to evaluate the independent effect of age, period, and cohort on breast cancer mortality, and analysis was stratified by ethnicity. RESULTS: The mortality rate of breast cancer (from 9.82 to 13.27 per 100,000 women) increased at around 1.4% per annum (Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC): 1.4%, 95% CI:0.8–2.0, P-value< 0.001). Young women aged 30–49 years (1.1%–1.8%, P-value< 0.001) had increased breast cancer mortality. The risk of breast cancer mortality increased among successive birth cohorts from 1924 to 1928 but decreased among recent cohorts born from 1989 to 1993. In 2018, the breast cancer mortality rate among Blacks (9.49/100,000 women) was around half of the rates among the non-Blacks. (Coloreds: 18.11 per 100,000 women; Whites: 17.77/100,000 women; Indian/Asian: 13.24 per 100,000 women). CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to the trends in high- and middle-income countries, breast cancer mortality increased in South Africa especially among young women. Breast cancer prevention programs should be intensified and should also target young women. The marked disparity in ethnic burden of breast cancer should be considered during planning and implementation of interventions.
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spelling pubmed-99356082023-02-18 Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses Olorunfemi, Gbenga Libhaber, Elena Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu Musenge, Eustasius Front Oncol Oncology Globally, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 15.5% of female cancer deaths in 2020. Breast cancer is also the leading cause of female cancers in South Africa. The rapid epidemiological transition in South Africa may have an impact on the trends in breast cancer mortality in the country. We therefore evaluated the trends in the breast cancer mortality in SA over 20 years (1999–2020). METHODS: Joinpoint regression analyses of the trends in crude and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) of breast cancer among South African women were conducted from 1999 to 2018 using mortality data from Statistics South Africa. Age–period–cohort regression analysis was then conducted to evaluate the independent effect of age, period, and cohort on breast cancer mortality, and analysis was stratified by ethnicity. RESULTS: The mortality rate of breast cancer (from 9.82 to 13.27 per 100,000 women) increased at around 1.4% per annum (Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC): 1.4%, 95% CI:0.8–2.0, P-value< 0.001). Young women aged 30–49 years (1.1%–1.8%, P-value< 0.001) had increased breast cancer mortality. The risk of breast cancer mortality increased among successive birth cohorts from 1924 to 1928 but decreased among recent cohorts born from 1989 to 1993. In 2018, the breast cancer mortality rate among Blacks (9.49/100,000 women) was around half of the rates among the non-Blacks. (Coloreds: 18.11 per 100,000 women; Whites: 17.77/100,000 women; Indian/Asian: 13.24 per 100,000 women). CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to the trends in high- and middle-income countries, breast cancer mortality increased in South Africa especially among young women. Breast cancer prevention programs should be intensified and should also target young women. The marked disparity in ethnic burden of breast cancer should be considered during planning and implementation of interventions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9935608/ /pubmed/36816918 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1056609 Text en Copyright © 2023 Olorunfemi, Libhaber, Ezechi and Musenge https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Olorunfemi, Gbenga
Libhaber, Elena
Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu
Musenge, Eustasius
Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses
title Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses
title_full Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses
title_fullStr Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses
title_full_unstemmed Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses
title_short Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses
title_sort population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in south africa (1999-2018): joinpoint and age–period–cohort regression analyses
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9935608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36816918
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1056609
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