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Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge

Copper (Cu) is widely used at high levels as growth promoter in poultry, the alternative source of Cu to replace the high level of inorganic Cu at poultry farm remains to be determined. Three floor pen experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cu methionine hydroxy-analogue chelate (Cu-M...

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Autores principales: Chen, Juxing, Yan, Frances, Kuttappan, Vivek A., Wedekind, Karen, Vázquez-Añón, Mercedes, Hancock, Deana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9936238/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36817619
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.991318
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author Chen, Juxing
Yan, Frances
Kuttappan, Vivek A.
Wedekind, Karen
Vázquez-Añón, Mercedes
Hancock, Deana
author_facet Chen, Juxing
Yan, Frances
Kuttappan, Vivek A.
Wedekind, Karen
Vázquez-Añón, Mercedes
Hancock, Deana
author_sort Chen, Juxing
collection PubMed
description Copper (Cu) is widely used at high levels as growth promoter in poultry, the alternative source of Cu to replace the high level of inorganic Cu at poultry farm remains to be determined. Three floor pen experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cu methionine hydroxy-analogue chelate (Cu-MHAC, MINTREX(®)Cu, Novus International, Inc.) on growth performance and gut health in broilers in comparison to CuSO(4) and/or tribasic copper chloride (TBCC). There were 3 treatments in experiment#1 (0, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC) and experiment#2 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, and 125 ppm CuSO(4)), and 4 treatments in experiment #3 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, 125 ppm CuSO(4) and 125 ppm TBCC) with nine replicates pens of 10–13 birds in each treatment. The levels of other minerals were equal among all treatments within each experiment. All birds were orally gavaged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 1x recommended dose on d0 in experiment#1 and #2 and 10x recommended dose on d15 in experiment #3. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, means were separated by Fisher’s protected LSD test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically different. In experiment #1, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR during grower phase, increased jejunal villus height and reduced jejunal crypt depth, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased cecal Lactobacillus spp. abundance in 41 days broilers. In experiment #2, compared to CuSO(4), 15ppm Cu-MHAC increased cumulative performance index in 28 days broilers, 15 and/or 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved gut morphometry, and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC reduced the abundance of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in cecum in 43 days broilers. In experiment #3, 15 ppm and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR vs. CuSO(4) during starter phase, reduced the percentage of E. coli of total bacteria vs. TBCC, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased the percentages of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus spp. and Clostridium cluster XIVa of total bacteria vs. both CuSO(4) and TBCC in the cecum of 27 days broilers. In summary, low doses of Cu-MHAC had comparable growth performance to high dose of TBCC and CuSO(4) while improving gut microflora and gut morphometry in broilers subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge, indicating that low doses of bis-chelated Cu could be used as a complimentary strategy to improve animal gut health.
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spelling pubmed-99362382023-02-18 Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge Chen, Juxing Yan, Frances Kuttappan, Vivek A. Wedekind, Karen Vázquez-Añón, Mercedes Hancock, Deana Front Physiol Physiology Copper (Cu) is widely used at high levels as growth promoter in poultry, the alternative source of Cu to replace the high level of inorganic Cu at poultry farm remains to be determined. Three floor pen experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cu methionine hydroxy-analogue chelate (Cu-MHAC, MINTREX(®)Cu, Novus International, Inc.) on growth performance and gut health in broilers in comparison to CuSO(4) and/or tribasic copper chloride (TBCC). There were 3 treatments in experiment#1 (0, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC) and experiment#2 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, and 125 ppm CuSO(4)), and 4 treatments in experiment #3 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, 125 ppm CuSO(4) and 125 ppm TBCC) with nine replicates pens of 10–13 birds in each treatment. The levels of other minerals were equal among all treatments within each experiment. All birds were orally gavaged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 1x recommended dose on d0 in experiment#1 and #2 and 10x recommended dose on d15 in experiment #3. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, means were separated by Fisher’s protected LSD test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically different. In experiment #1, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR during grower phase, increased jejunal villus height and reduced jejunal crypt depth, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased cecal Lactobacillus spp. abundance in 41 days broilers. In experiment #2, compared to CuSO(4), 15ppm Cu-MHAC increased cumulative performance index in 28 days broilers, 15 and/or 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved gut morphometry, and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC reduced the abundance of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in cecum in 43 days broilers. In experiment #3, 15 ppm and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR vs. CuSO(4) during starter phase, reduced the percentage of E. coli of total bacteria vs. TBCC, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased the percentages of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus spp. and Clostridium cluster XIVa of total bacteria vs. both CuSO(4) and TBCC in the cecum of 27 days broilers. In summary, low doses of Cu-MHAC had comparable growth performance to high dose of TBCC and CuSO(4) while improving gut microflora and gut morphometry in broilers subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge, indicating that low doses of bis-chelated Cu could be used as a complimentary strategy to improve animal gut health. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9936238/ /pubmed/36817619 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.991318 Text en Copyright © 2023 Chen, Yan, Kuttappan, Wedekind, Vázquez-Añón and Hancock. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Chen, Juxing
Yan, Frances
Kuttappan, Vivek A.
Wedekind, Karen
Vázquez-Añón, Mercedes
Hancock, Deana
Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge
title Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge
title_full Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge
title_fullStr Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge
title_full_unstemmed Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge
title_short Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge
title_sort effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9936238/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36817619
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.991318
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