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Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022

BACKGROUND: In summer 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 became dominant in Europe. In vitro studies have shown a large reduction of antibody neutralisation for this variant. AIM: We aimed to investigate differences in protection from previous infection and/or vaccination against infection with Omicron B...

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Autores principales: Andeweg, Stijn P, de Gier, Brechje, Vennema, Harry, van Walle, Ivo, van Maarseveen, Noortje, Kusters, Nina E, de Melker, Hester E, Hahné, Susan JM, van den Hof, Susan, Eggink, Dirk, Knol, Mirjam J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9936591/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36795499
http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.7.2200724
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author Andeweg, Stijn P
de Gier, Brechje
Vennema, Harry
van Walle, Ivo
van Maarseveen, Noortje
Kusters, Nina E
de Melker, Hester E
Hahné, Susan JM
van den Hof, Susan
Eggink, Dirk
Knol, Mirjam J
author_facet Andeweg, Stijn P
de Gier, Brechje
Vennema, Harry
van Walle, Ivo
van Maarseveen, Noortje
Kusters, Nina E
de Melker, Hester E
Hahné, Susan JM
van den Hof, Susan
Eggink, Dirk
Knol, Mirjam J
author_sort Andeweg, Stijn P
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In summer 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 became dominant in Europe. In vitro studies have shown a large reduction of antibody neutralisation for this variant. AIM: We aimed to investigate differences in protection from previous infection and/or vaccination against infection with Omicron BA.4/5 vs BA.2. METHODS: We employed a case-only approach including positive PCR tests from community testing between 2 May and 24 July 2022 that were tested for S gene target failure (SGTF), which distinguishes BA.4/5 from BA.2 infection. Previous infections were categorised by variant using whole genome sequencing or SGTF. We estimated by logistic regression the association of SGTF with vaccination and/or previous infection, and of SGTF of the current infection with the variant of the previous infection, adjusting for testing week, age group and sex. RESULTS: The percentage of registered previous SARS-CoV-2 infections was higher among 19,836 persons infected with Omicron BA.4/5 than among 7,052 persons infected with BA.2 (31.3% vs 20.0%). Adjusting for testing week, age group and sex, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 1.4 (95% CI: 1.3–1.5). The distribution of vaccination status did not differ for BA.4/5 vs BA.2 infections (aOR = 1.1 for primary and booster vaccination). Among persons with a previous infection, those currently infected with BA4/5 had a shorter interval between infections, and the previous infection was more often caused by BA.1, compared with those currently infected with BA.2 (aOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.5–2.6). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest immunity induced by BA.1 is less effective against BA.4/5 infection than against BA.2 infection.
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spelling pubmed-99365912023-02-18 Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022 Andeweg, Stijn P de Gier, Brechje Vennema, Harry van Walle, Ivo van Maarseveen, Noortje Kusters, Nina E de Melker, Hester E Hahné, Susan JM van den Hof, Susan Eggink, Dirk Knol, Mirjam J Euro Surveill Research BACKGROUND: In summer 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 became dominant in Europe. In vitro studies have shown a large reduction of antibody neutralisation for this variant. AIM: We aimed to investigate differences in protection from previous infection and/or vaccination against infection with Omicron BA.4/5 vs BA.2. METHODS: We employed a case-only approach including positive PCR tests from community testing between 2 May and 24 July 2022 that were tested for S gene target failure (SGTF), which distinguishes BA.4/5 from BA.2 infection. Previous infections were categorised by variant using whole genome sequencing or SGTF. We estimated by logistic regression the association of SGTF with vaccination and/or previous infection, and of SGTF of the current infection with the variant of the previous infection, adjusting for testing week, age group and sex. RESULTS: The percentage of registered previous SARS-CoV-2 infections was higher among 19,836 persons infected with Omicron BA.4/5 than among 7,052 persons infected with BA.2 (31.3% vs 20.0%). Adjusting for testing week, age group and sex, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 1.4 (95% CI: 1.3–1.5). The distribution of vaccination status did not differ for BA.4/5 vs BA.2 infections (aOR = 1.1 for primary and booster vaccination). Among persons with a previous infection, those currently infected with BA4/5 had a shorter interval between infections, and the previous infection was more often caused by BA.1, compared with those currently infected with BA.2 (aOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.5–2.6). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest immunity induced by BA.1 is less effective against BA.4/5 infection than against BA.2 infection. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2023-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9936591/ /pubmed/36795499 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.7.2200724 Text en This article is copyright of the authors or their affiliated institutions, 2023. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Research
Andeweg, Stijn P
de Gier, Brechje
Vennema, Harry
van Walle, Ivo
van Maarseveen, Noortje
Kusters, Nina E
de Melker, Hester E
Hahné, Susan JM
van den Hof, Susan
Eggink, Dirk
Knol, Mirjam J
Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022
title Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022
title_full Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022
title_fullStr Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022
title_full_unstemmed Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022
title_short Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022
title_sort higher risk of sars-cov-2 omicron ba.4/5 infection than of ba.2 infection after previous ba.1 infection, the netherlands, 2 may to 24 july 2022
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9936591/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36795499
http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.7.2200724
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