Deafness gene screening based on a multilevel cascaded BPNN model

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a common and frequently occurring condition in otolaryngology. Existing studies have shown that sudden sensorineural hearing loss is closely associated with mutations in genes for inherited deafness. To identify these genes associated with deafness, researchers have mostly used biological experiments, which are accurate but time-consuming and laborious. In this paper, we proposed a computational method based on machine learning to predict deafness-associated genes. The model is based on several basic backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs), which were cascaded as multiple-level BPNN models. The cascaded BPNN model showed a stronger ability for screening deafness-associated genes than the conventional BPNN. A total of 211 of 214 deafness-associated genes from the deafness variant database (DVD v9.0) were used as positive data, and 2110 genes extracted from chromosomes were used as negative data to train our model. The test achieved a mean AUC higher than 0.98. Furthermore, to illustrate the predictive performance of the model for suspected deafness-associated genes, we analyzed the remaining 17,711 genes in the human genome and screened the 20 genes with the highest scores as highly suspected deafness-associated genes. Among these 20 predicted genes, three genes were mentioned as deafness-associated genes in the literature. The analysis showed that our approach has the potential to screen out highly suspected deafness-associated genes from a large number of genes, and our predictions could be valuable for future research and discovery of deafness-associated genes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-023-05182-7.