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Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission

Community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARVs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in lung transplant (LTx) recipients. Despite routine mask-wearing, LTx patients remain at a higher risk of CARV infection than the general population. In 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavir...

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Autores principales: Keller, Brian C., Ma, Jianing, Peng, Jing, Ramsammy, Verai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9943977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36845856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000001445
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author Keller, Brian C.
Ma, Jianing
Peng, Jing
Ramsammy, Verai
author_facet Keller, Brian C.
Ma, Jianing
Peng, Jing
Ramsammy, Verai
author_sort Keller, Brian C.
collection PubMed
description Community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARVs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in lung transplant (LTx) recipients. Despite routine mask-wearing, LTx patients remain at a higher risk of CARV infection than the general population. In 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 and a novel CARV, emerged leading federal and state officials to implement public health nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to curb its spread. We hypothesized that NPI would be associated with the reduced spread of traditional CARVs. METHODS. A single-center, retrospective cohort analysis comparing CARV infection before a statewide stay-at-home order, during the stay-at-home order and subsequent statewide mask mandate, and during 5 mo following the elimination of NPI was performed. All LTx recipients followed by and tested at our center were included. Data (multiplex respiratory viral panels; SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; blood cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus polymerase chain reaction; blood and bronchoalveolar lavage bacterial and fungal cultures) were collected from the medical record. Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were utilized for categorical variables. A mixed-effect model was used for continuous variables. RESULTS. Incidence of non-COVID CARV infection was significantly lower during the MASK period than during the PRE period. No difference was noted in airway or bloodstream bacterial or fungal infections, but cytomegalovirus bloodborne viral infections increased. CONCLUSIONS. Reductions in respiratory viral infections, but not bloodborne viral infections nor nonviral respiratory, bloodborne, or urinary infections, were observed in the setting of public health COVID-19 mitigation strategies, suggesting the effectiveness of NPI in preventing general respiratory virus transmission.
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spelling pubmed-99439772023-02-23 Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission Keller, Brian C. Ma, Jianing Peng, Jing Ramsammy, Verai Transplant Direct Infectious Disease Community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARVs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in lung transplant (LTx) recipients. Despite routine mask-wearing, LTx patients remain at a higher risk of CARV infection than the general population. In 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 and a novel CARV, emerged leading federal and state officials to implement public health nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to curb its spread. We hypothesized that NPI would be associated with the reduced spread of traditional CARVs. METHODS. A single-center, retrospective cohort analysis comparing CARV infection before a statewide stay-at-home order, during the stay-at-home order and subsequent statewide mask mandate, and during 5 mo following the elimination of NPI was performed. All LTx recipients followed by and tested at our center were included. Data (multiplex respiratory viral panels; SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; blood cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus polymerase chain reaction; blood and bronchoalveolar lavage bacterial and fungal cultures) were collected from the medical record. Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were utilized for categorical variables. A mixed-effect model was used for continuous variables. RESULTS. Incidence of non-COVID CARV infection was significantly lower during the MASK period than during the PRE period. No difference was noted in airway or bloodstream bacterial or fungal infections, but cytomegalovirus bloodborne viral infections increased. CONCLUSIONS. Reductions in respiratory viral infections, but not bloodborne viral infections nor nonviral respiratory, bloodborne, or urinary infections, were observed in the setting of public health COVID-19 mitigation strategies, suggesting the effectiveness of NPI in preventing general respiratory virus transmission. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9943977/ /pubmed/36845856 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000001445 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Transplantation Direct. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle Infectious Disease
Keller, Brian C.
Ma, Jianing
Peng, Jing
Ramsammy, Verai
Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission
title Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission
title_full Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission
title_fullStr Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission
title_full_unstemmed Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission
title_short Reduced Community-acquired Respiratory Virus Infection, but Not Non–virus Infection, in Lung Transplant Recipients During Government-mandated Public Health Measures to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission
title_sort reduced community-acquired respiratory virus infection, but not non–virus infection, in lung transplant recipients during government-mandated public health measures to reduce covid-19 transmission
topic Infectious Disease
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9943977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36845856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000001445
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