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The Development of Indirect Carotid Cavernous Fistulas after Microvascular Ischemic 4th Nerve Palsies
An indirect carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal connection between the cavernous sinus and internal or external carotid artery. Indirect CCFs often occur spontaneously, particularly in the setting of vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Microvascular...
| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
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S. Karger AG
2022
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9944207/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36845451 http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000526566 |