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Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization
Protein crystallization was first discovered in the nineteenth century and has been studied for nearly 200 years. Protein crystallization technology has recently been widely used in many fields, such as drug purification and protein structure analysis. The key to successful crystallization of protei...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9944892/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36810399 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010068 |
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author | Liu, Hao Zhao, Yue Sun, Jing |
author_facet | Liu, Hao Zhao, Yue Sun, Jing |
author_sort | Liu, Hao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Protein crystallization was first discovered in the nineteenth century and has been studied for nearly 200 years. Protein crystallization technology has recently been widely used in many fields, such as drug purification and protein structure analysis. The key to successful crystallization of proteins is the nucleation in the protein solution, which can be influenced by many factors, such as the precipitating agent, temperature, solution concentration, pH, etc., among which the role of the precipitating agent is extremely important. In this regard, we summarize the nucleation theory of protein crystallization, including classical nucleation theory, two-step nucleation theory, and heterogeneous nucleation theory. We focus on a variety of efficient heterogeneous nucleating agents and crystallization methods as well. The application of protein crystals in crystallography and biopharmaceutical fields is further discussed. Finally, the bottleneck of protein crystallization and the prospect of future technology development are reviewed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9944892 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99448922023-02-23 Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization Liu, Hao Zhao, Yue Sun, Jing Biomimetics (Basel) Review Protein crystallization was first discovered in the nineteenth century and has been studied for nearly 200 years. Protein crystallization technology has recently been widely used in many fields, such as drug purification and protein structure analysis. The key to successful crystallization of proteins is the nucleation in the protein solution, which can be influenced by many factors, such as the precipitating agent, temperature, solution concentration, pH, etc., among which the role of the precipitating agent is extremely important. In this regard, we summarize the nucleation theory of protein crystallization, including classical nucleation theory, two-step nucleation theory, and heterogeneous nucleation theory. We focus on a variety of efficient heterogeneous nucleating agents and crystallization methods as well. The application of protein crystals in crystallography and biopharmaceutical fields is further discussed. Finally, the bottleneck of protein crystallization and the prospect of future technology development are reviewed. MDPI 2023-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9944892/ /pubmed/36810399 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010068 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Liu, Hao Zhao, Yue Sun, Jing Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization |
title | Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization |
title_full | Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization |
title_fullStr | Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization |
title_full_unstemmed | Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization |
title_short | Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization |
title_sort | heterogeneous nucleation in protein crystallization |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9944892/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36810399 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010068 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT liuhao heterogeneousnucleationinproteincrystallization AT zhaoyue heterogeneousnucleationinproteincrystallization AT sunjing heterogeneousnucleationinproteincrystallization |