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Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Metformin (MET) is an anti-diabetic drug employed as the first-line therapy for patients of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overdosage of drugs leads to severe outcomes, and its monitoring in biofluids is vital. The present study develops cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets and employs them as an el...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer US
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9947210/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36811724 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03795-8 |
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author | Jawad, Shan E Zahra Ibrahim, Muhammad Fatima, Batool Chohan, Tahir Ali Hussain, Dilshad Najam-ul-Haq, Muhammad |
author_facet | Jawad, Shan E Zahra Ibrahim, Muhammad Fatima, Batool Chohan, Tahir Ali Hussain, Dilshad Najam-ul-Haq, Muhammad |
author_sort | Jawad, Shan E Zahra |
collection | PubMed |
description | Metformin (MET) is an anti-diabetic drug employed as the first-line therapy for patients of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overdosage of drugs leads to severe outcomes, and its monitoring in biofluids is vital. The present study develops cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets and employs them as an electroactive material immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the sensitive and selective detection of metformin via electroanalytical techniques. The fabrication procedure via the sol–gel method is facile and gives a good yield of nanoparticles. They are characterized by FTIR, UV, SEM, EDX, and XRD. Pristine yttrium iron garnet particles are also synthesized for comparison, where the electrochemical behaviors of varying electrodes are analyzed via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The activity of metformin at varying concentrations and pH is investigated via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and the sensor generates excellent results for metformin detection. Under optimum conditions and at a working potential of 0.85 V (vs. Ag/AgCl/3.0 M KCl), the linear range and limit of detection (LOD) obtained through the calibration curve are estimated as 0–60 μM and 0.04 μM, respectively. The fabricated sensor is selective for metformin and depicts a blind response toward interfering species. The optimized system is applied to directly measure MET in buffers and serum samples of T2DM patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9947210 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99472102023-02-24 Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients Jawad, Shan E Zahra Ibrahim, Muhammad Fatima, Batool Chohan, Tahir Ali Hussain, Dilshad Najam-ul-Haq, Muhammad Discov Nano Research Metformin (MET) is an anti-diabetic drug employed as the first-line therapy for patients of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overdosage of drugs leads to severe outcomes, and its monitoring in biofluids is vital. The present study develops cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets and employs them as an electroactive material immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the sensitive and selective detection of metformin via electroanalytical techniques. The fabrication procedure via the sol–gel method is facile and gives a good yield of nanoparticles. They are characterized by FTIR, UV, SEM, EDX, and XRD. Pristine yttrium iron garnet particles are also synthesized for comparison, where the electrochemical behaviors of varying electrodes are analyzed via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The activity of metformin at varying concentrations and pH is investigated via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and the sensor generates excellent results for metformin detection. Under optimum conditions and at a working potential of 0.85 V (vs. Ag/AgCl/3.0 M KCl), the linear range and limit of detection (LOD) obtained through the calibration curve are estimated as 0–60 μM and 0.04 μM, respectively. The fabricated sensor is selective for metformin and depicts a blind response toward interfering species. The optimized system is applied to directly measure MET in buffers and serum samples of T2DM patients. Springer US 2023-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9947210/ /pubmed/36811724 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03795-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Jawad, Shan E Zahra Ibrahim, Muhammad Fatima, Batool Chohan, Tahir Ali Hussain, Dilshad Najam-ul-Haq, Muhammad Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
title | Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
title_full | Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
title_fullStr | Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
title_short | Fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
title_sort | fabrication and employment of cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets for the electrochemical analysis of anti-diabetic, metformin in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9947210/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36811724 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03795-8 |
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