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Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity
Jasmonates are oxylipin phytohormones critical for plant resistance against necrotrophic pathogens and chewing herbivores. An early step in their biosynthesis is catalyzed by non-heme iron lipoxygenases (LOX; EC 1.13.11.12). In Arabidopsis thaliana, phosphorylation of Ser(600) of AtLOX2 was previous...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9947334/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36639029 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102898 |
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author | Kaur, Diljot Dorion, Sonia Jmii, Souleimen Cappadocia, Laurent Bede, Jacqueline C. Rivoal, Jean |
author_facet | Kaur, Diljot Dorion, Sonia Jmii, Souleimen Cappadocia, Laurent Bede, Jacqueline C. Rivoal, Jean |
author_sort | Kaur, Diljot |
collection | PubMed |
description | Jasmonates are oxylipin phytohormones critical for plant resistance against necrotrophic pathogens and chewing herbivores. An early step in their biosynthesis is catalyzed by non-heme iron lipoxygenases (LOX; EC 1.13.11.12). In Arabidopsis thaliana, phosphorylation of Ser(600) of AtLOX2 was previously reported, but whether phosphorylation regulates AtLOX2 activity is unclear. Here, we characterize the kinetic properties of recombinant WT AtLOX2 (AtLOX2(WT)). AtLOX2(WT) displays positive cooperativity with α-linolenic acid (α-LeA, jasmonate precursor), linoleic acid (LA), and arachidonic acid (AA) as substrates. Enzyme velocity with endogenous substrates α-LeA and LA increased with pH. For α-LeA, this increase was accompanied by a decrease in substrate affinity at alkaline pH; thus, the catalytic efficiency for α-LeA was not affected over the pH range tested. Analysis of Ser(600) phosphovariants demonstrated that pseudophosphorylation inhibits enzyme activity. AtLOX2 activity was not detected in phosphomimics Atlox2(S600D) and Atlox2(S600M) when α-LeA or AA were used as substrates. In contrast, phosphonull mutant Atlox2(S600A) exhibited strong activity with all three substrates, α-LeA, LA, and AA. Structural comparison between the AtLOX2 AlphaFold model and a complex between 8R-LOX and a 20C polyunsaturated fatty acid suggests a close proximity between AtLOX2 Ser(600) and the carboxylic acid head group of the polyunsaturated fatty acid. This analysis indicates that Ser(600) is located at a critical position within the AtLOX2 structure and highlights how Ser(600) phosphorylation could affect AtLOX2 catalytic activity. Overall, we propose that AtLOX2 Ser(600) phosphorylation represents a key mechanism for the regulation of AtLOX2 activity and, thus, the jasmonate biosynthesis pathway and plant resistance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9947334 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99473342023-02-24 Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity Kaur, Diljot Dorion, Sonia Jmii, Souleimen Cappadocia, Laurent Bede, Jacqueline C. Rivoal, Jean J Biol Chem Research Article Jasmonates are oxylipin phytohormones critical for plant resistance against necrotrophic pathogens and chewing herbivores. An early step in their biosynthesis is catalyzed by non-heme iron lipoxygenases (LOX; EC 1.13.11.12). In Arabidopsis thaliana, phosphorylation of Ser(600) of AtLOX2 was previously reported, but whether phosphorylation regulates AtLOX2 activity is unclear. Here, we characterize the kinetic properties of recombinant WT AtLOX2 (AtLOX2(WT)). AtLOX2(WT) displays positive cooperativity with α-linolenic acid (α-LeA, jasmonate precursor), linoleic acid (LA), and arachidonic acid (AA) as substrates. Enzyme velocity with endogenous substrates α-LeA and LA increased with pH. For α-LeA, this increase was accompanied by a decrease in substrate affinity at alkaline pH; thus, the catalytic efficiency for α-LeA was not affected over the pH range tested. Analysis of Ser(600) phosphovariants demonstrated that pseudophosphorylation inhibits enzyme activity. AtLOX2 activity was not detected in phosphomimics Atlox2(S600D) and Atlox2(S600M) when α-LeA or AA were used as substrates. In contrast, phosphonull mutant Atlox2(S600A) exhibited strong activity with all three substrates, α-LeA, LA, and AA. Structural comparison between the AtLOX2 AlphaFold model and a complex between 8R-LOX and a 20C polyunsaturated fatty acid suggests a close proximity between AtLOX2 Ser(600) and the carboxylic acid head group of the polyunsaturated fatty acid. This analysis indicates that Ser(600) is located at a critical position within the AtLOX2 structure and highlights how Ser(600) phosphorylation could affect AtLOX2 catalytic activity. Overall, we propose that AtLOX2 Ser(600) phosphorylation represents a key mechanism for the regulation of AtLOX2 activity and, thus, the jasmonate biosynthesis pathway and plant resistance. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2023-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9947334/ /pubmed/36639029 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102898 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kaur, Diljot Dorion, Sonia Jmii, Souleimen Cappadocia, Laurent Bede, Jacqueline C. Rivoal, Jean Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity |
title | Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity |
title_full | Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity |
title_fullStr | Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity |
title_full_unstemmed | Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity |
title_short | Pseudophosphorylation of Arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of Ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity |
title_sort | pseudophosphorylation of arabidopsis jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme lipoxygenase 2 via mutation of ser(600) inhibits enzyme activity |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9947334/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36639029 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102898 |
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