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The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studied...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9948961/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36824831 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 |
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author | Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob |
author_facet | Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob |
author_sort | Heikes, Kira L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studied taxa and emerging model organisms is important to understand the full breadth of the evolution of PGC development. In the phylum Tardigrada, no early cell lineages have been identified to date using molecular markers. This includes the PGC lineage. Here, we describe PGC development in the model tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. The four earliest-internalizing cells (EICs) exhibit PGC-like behavior and nuclear morphology. The location of the EICs is enriched for mRNAs of conserved PGC markers wiwi1 (water bear piwi 1) and vasa. At early stages, both wiwi1 and vasa mRNAs are detectable uniformly in embryos, which suggests that these mRNAs do not serve as localized determinants for PGC specification. Only later are wiwi1 and vasa enriched in the EICs. Finally, we traced the cells that give rise to the four PGCs. Our results reveal the embryonic origin of the PGCs of H. exemplaris and provide the first molecular characterization of an early cell lineage in the tardigrade phylum. We anticipate that these observations will serve as a basis for characterizing the mechanisms of PGC development in this animal. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9948961 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99489612023-02-24 The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob bioRxiv Article Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studied taxa and emerging model organisms is important to understand the full breadth of the evolution of PGC development. In the phylum Tardigrada, no early cell lineages have been identified to date using molecular markers. This includes the PGC lineage. Here, we describe PGC development in the model tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. The four earliest-internalizing cells (EICs) exhibit PGC-like behavior and nuclear morphology. The location of the EICs is enriched for mRNAs of conserved PGC markers wiwi1 (water bear piwi 1) and vasa. At early stages, both wiwi1 and vasa mRNAs are detectable uniformly in embryos, which suggests that these mRNAs do not serve as localized determinants for PGC specification. Only later are wiwi1 and vasa enriched in the EICs. Finally, we traced the cells that give rise to the four PGCs. Our results reveal the embryonic origin of the PGCs of H. exemplaris and provide the first molecular characterization of an early cell lineage in the tardigrade phylum. We anticipate that these observations will serve as a basis for characterizing the mechanisms of PGC development in this animal. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2023-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9948961/ /pubmed/36824831 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. |
spellingShingle | Article Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title | The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_full | The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_fullStr | The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_full_unstemmed | The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_short | The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_sort | embryonic origin of primordial germ cells in the tardigrade hypsibius exemplaris |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9948961/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36824831 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 |
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