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Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry
Aspects of glutamate neurotransmission implicated in normal and pathological conditions are often evaluated using in vivo recording paradigms in rats anesthetized with isoflurane or urethane. Urethane and isoflurane anesthesia influence glutamate neurotransmission through different mechanisms; howev...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9949081/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36824899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.16.528856 |
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author | Beitchman, Joshua A. Krishna, Gokul Bromberg, Caitlin E. Thomas, Theresa Currier |
author_facet | Beitchman, Joshua A. Krishna, Gokul Bromberg, Caitlin E. Thomas, Theresa Currier |
author_sort | Beitchman, Joshua A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Aspects of glutamate neurotransmission implicated in normal and pathological conditions are often evaluated using in vivo recording paradigms in rats anesthetized with isoflurane or urethane. Urethane and isoflurane anesthesia influence glutamate neurotransmission through different mechanisms; however real-time outcome measures of potassium chloride (KCl)-evoked glutamate overflow and glutamate clearance kinetics have not been compared within and between regions of the brain. In the following experiments, in vivo amperometric recordings of KCl-evoked glutamate overflow and glutamate clearance kinetics (uptake rate and T(80)) in the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus were performed using glutamate-selective microelectrode arrays (MEAs) in young adult male, Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with isoflurane or urethane. Potassium chloride (KCl)-evoked glutamate overflow was similar under urethane and isoflurane anesthesia in all brain regions studied. Analysis of glutamate clearance determined that the uptake rate was significantly faster (53.2%, p<0.05) within the thalamus under urethane compared to isoflurane, but no differences were measured in the cortex or hippocampus. Under urethane, glutamate clearance parameters were region dependent, with significantly faster glutamate clearance in the thalamus compared to the cortex but not the hippocampus (p<0.05). No region dependent differences were measured for glutamate overflow using isoflurane. These data support that amperometric recordings of glutamate under isoflurane and urethane anesthesia result in mostly similar and comparable data. However, certain parameters of glutamate uptake vary based on choice of anesthesia and brain region. Special considerations must be given to these areas when considering comparison to previous literature and when planning future experiments. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9949081 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99490812023-02-24 Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry Beitchman, Joshua A. Krishna, Gokul Bromberg, Caitlin E. Thomas, Theresa Currier bioRxiv Article Aspects of glutamate neurotransmission implicated in normal and pathological conditions are often evaluated using in vivo recording paradigms in rats anesthetized with isoflurane or urethane. Urethane and isoflurane anesthesia influence glutamate neurotransmission through different mechanisms; however real-time outcome measures of potassium chloride (KCl)-evoked glutamate overflow and glutamate clearance kinetics have not been compared within and between regions of the brain. In the following experiments, in vivo amperometric recordings of KCl-evoked glutamate overflow and glutamate clearance kinetics (uptake rate and T(80)) in the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus were performed using glutamate-selective microelectrode arrays (MEAs) in young adult male, Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with isoflurane or urethane. Potassium chloride (KCl)-evoked glutamate overflow was similar under urethane and isoflurane anesthesia in all brain regions studied. Analysis of glutamate clearance determined that the uptake rate was significantly faster (53.2%, p<0.05) within the thalamus under urethane compared to isoflurane, but no differences were measured in the cortex or hippocampus. Under urethane, glutamate clearance parameters were region dependent, with significantly faster glutamate clearance in the thalamus compared to the cortex but not the hippocampus (p<0.05). No region dependent differences were measured for glutamate overflow using isoflurane. These data support that amperometric recordings of glutamate under isoflurane and urethane anesthesia result in mostly similar and comparable data. However, certain parameters of glutamate uptake vary based on choice of anesthesia and brain region. Special considerations must be given to these areas when considering comparison to previous literature and when planning future experiments. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2023-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9949081/ /pubmed/36824899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.16.528856 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) , which allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use. |
spellingShingle | Article Beitchman, Joshua A. Krishna, Gokul Bromberg, Caitlin E. Thomas, Theresa Currier Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry |
title | Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry |
title_full | Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry |
title_fullStr | Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry |
title_short | Effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry |
title_sort | effects of isoflurane and urethane anesthetics on glutamate neurotransmission in rat brain using in vivo amperometry |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9949081/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36824899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.16.528856 |
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