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Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs
One of the most significant risks to public health is ongoing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Substandard and fraudulent medications, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are thought to have a role in the genesis and spread of AMR. There are numerous reports concerning the avail...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9949790/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36845783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000113 |
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author | Gulumbe, Bashar H. Adesola, Ridwan O. |
author_facet | Gulumbe, Bashar H. Adesola, Ridwan O. |
author_sort | Gulumbe, Bashar H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | One of the most significant risks to public health is ongoing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Substandard and fraudulent medications, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are thought to have a role in the genesis and spread of AMR. There are numerous reports concerning the availability of subpar pharmaceuticals in developing countries, with no scientific evidence as to what exactly is included in some of the prescriptions supplied there. These counterfeit and inferior pharmaceuticals are a financial burden of up to US$200 billion, causing thousands of patient deaths, endangering both individual and public health,and undermining patient trust in the healthcare system. Poor quality and counterfeit antibiotics are often disregarded as possible causes of AMR in AMR studies. Therefore, we examined the issue of fake drugs in LMICs and its possible links to the emergence and spread of AMR. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9949790 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99497902023-02-24 Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs Gulumbe, Bashar H. Adesola, Ridwan O. Ann Med Surg (Lond) Reviews One of the most significant risks to public health is ongoing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Substandard and fraudulent medications, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are thought to have a role in the genesis and spread of AMR. There are numerous reports concerning the availability of subpar pharmaceuticals in developing countries, with no scientific evidence as to what exactly is included in some of the prescriptions supplied there. These counterfeit and inferior pharmaceuticals are a financial burden of up to US$200 billion, causing thousands of patient deaths, endangering both individual and public health,and undermining patient trust in the healthcare system. Poor quality and counterfeit antibiotics are often disregarded as possible causes of AMR in AMR studies. Therefore, we examined the issue of fake drugs in LMICs and its possible links to the emergence and spread of AMR. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9949790/ /pubmed/36845783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000113 Text en © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
spellingShingle | Reviews Gulumbe, Bashar H. Adesola, Ridwan O. Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs |
title | Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs |
title_full | Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs |
title_fullStr | Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs |
title_full_unstemmed | Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs |
title_short | Revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs |
title_sort | revisiting the blind spot of substandard and fake drugs as drivers of antimicrobial resistance in lmics |
topic | Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9949790/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36845783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000113 |
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