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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neurodegenerative disorders constitute a substantial proportion of neurological diseases with significant public health importance. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by a complex interplay of various general and disease-specific factors that lead to the end point of...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9952099/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36830075 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020517 |
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author | Olufunmilayo, Edward O. Gerke-Duncan, Michelle B. Holsinger, R. M. Damian |
author_facet | Olufunmilayo, Edward O. Gerke-Duncan, Michelle B. Holsinger, R. M. Damian |
author_sort | Olufunmilayo, Edward O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Neurodegenerative disorders constitute a substantial proportion of neurological diseases with significant public health importance. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by a complex interplay of various general and disease-specific factors that lead to the end point of neuronal degeneration and loss, and the eventual clinical manifestations. Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between pro-oxidant species and antioxidant systems, characterized by an elevation in the levels of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, and a reduction in the levels of endogenous antioxidants. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted oxidative stress and associated mitochondrial dysfunction to be important players in the pathophysiologic processes involved in neurodegenerative conditions. In this article, we review the current knowledge of the general effects of oxidative stress on the central nervous system, the different specific routes by which oxidative stress influences the pathophysiologic processes involved in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Huntington’s disease, and how oxidative stress may be therapeutically reversed/mitigated in order to stall the pathological progression of these neurodegenerative disorders to bring about clinical benefits. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9952099 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99520992023-02-25 Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders Olufunmilayo, Edward O. Gerke-Duncan, Michelle B. Holsinger, R. M. Damian Antioxidants (Basel) Review Neurodegenerative disorders constitute a substantial proportion of neurological diseases with significant public health importance. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by a complex interplay of various general and disease-specific factors that lead to the end point of neuronal degeneration and loss, and the eventual clinical manifestations. Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between pro-oxidant species and antioxidant systems, characterized by an elevation in the levels of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, and a reduction in the levels of endogenous antioxidants. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted oxidative stress and associated mitochondrial dysfunction to be important players in the pathophysiologic processes involved in neurodegenerative conditions. In this article, we review the current knowledge of the general effects of oxidative stress on the central nervous system, the different specific routes by which oxidative stress influences the pathophysiologic processes involved in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Huntington’s disease, and how oxidative stress may be therapeutically reversed/mitigated in order to stall the pathological progression of these neurodegenerative disorders to bring about clinical benefits. MDPI 2023-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9952099/ /pubmed/36830075 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020517 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Olufunmilayo, Edward O. Gerke-Duncan, Michelle B. Holsinger, R. M. Damian Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
title | Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
title_full | Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
title_fullStr | Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
title_short | Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
title_sort | oxidative stress and antioxidants in neurodegenerative disorders |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9952099/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36830075 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020517 |
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