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The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus
The ESKAPEE bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has posed a serious public health concern for centuries. Throughout its evolutionary course, S. aureus has developed strains with resistance to antimicrobial agents. The bacterial pathogen has acquired multidrug resistance, causing, in many cases,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9952236/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36830254 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020343 |
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author | Stephen, Jerusha Salam, Fathima Lekshmi, Manjusha Kumar, Sanath H. Varela, Manuel F. |
author_facet | Stephen, Jerusha Salam, Fathima Lekshmi, Manjusha Kumar, Sanath H. Varela, Manuel F. |
author_sort | Stephen, Jerusha |
collection | PubMed |
description | The ESKAPEE bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has posed a serious public health concern for centuries. Throughout its evolutionary course, S. aureus has developed strains with resistance to antimicrobial agents. The bacterial pathogen has acquired multidrug resistance, causing, in many cases, untreatable infectious diseases and raising serious public safety and healthcare concerns. Amongst the various mechanisms for antimicrobial resistance, integral membrane proteins that serve as secondary active transporters from the major facilitator superfamily constitute a chief system of multidrug resistance. These MFS transporters actively export structurally different antimicrobial agents from the cells of S. aureus. This review article discusses the S. aureus-specific MFS multidrug efflux pump systems from a molecular mechanistic perspective, paying particular attention to structure–function relationships, modulation of antimicrobial resistance mediated by MFS drug efflux pumps, and direction for future investigation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9952236 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99522362023-02-25 The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus Stephen, Jerusha Salam, Fathima Lekshmi, Manjusha Kumar, Sanath H. Varela, Manuel F. Antibiotics (Basel) Review The ESKAPEE bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has posed a serious public health concern for centuries. Throughout its evolutionary course, S. aureus has developed strains with resistance to antimicrobial agents. The bacterial pathogen has acquired multidrug resistance, causing, in many cases, untreatable infectious diseases and raising serious public safety and healthcare concerns. Amongst the various mechanisms for antimicrobial resistance, integral membrane proteins that serve as secondary active transporters from the major facilitator superfamily constitute a chief system of multidrug resistance. These MFS transporters actively export structurally different antimicrobial agents from the cells of S. aureus. This review article discusses the S. aureus-specific MFS multidrug efflux pump systems from a molecular mechanistic perspective, paying particular attention to structure–function relationships, modulation of antimicrobial resistance mediated by MFS drug efflux pumps, and direction for future investigation. MDPI 2023-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9952236/ /pubmed/36830254 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020343 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Stephen, Jerusha Salam, Fathima Lekshmi, Manjusha Kumar, Sanath H. Varela, Manuel F. The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus |
title | The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full | The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus |
title_fullStr | The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full_unstemmed | The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus |
title_short | The Major Facilitator Superfamily and Antimicrobial Resistance Efflux Pumps of the ESKAPEE Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus |
title_sort | major facilitator superfamily and antimicrobial resistance efflux pumps of the eskapee pathogen staphylococcus aureus |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9952236/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36830254 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020343 |
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