Exploring the Lived Experience on Recovery from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) among Women Survivors and Five CHIME Concepts: A Qualitative Study

Objective: Depression is estimated to be the leading cause of disease by 2030 and is already the leading cause in women worldwide. In Malaysia, nearly 2.3 million people have experienced depression at least once. Yet, this problem has not been thoroughly investigated and addressed. Thus, a study exploring the lived experience of the survivors needs to be carried out. With most Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients being women compared to men, this study focused on women MDD survivors to understand their journey to recovery. Survivors or also called ‘People with Lived Experience’ (PWLE) have a range of first-hand experiences with treatment and recovery, making them an expert by experience. Method: A qualitative study was conducted using purposive sampling of four women survivors. This method was able to explore the experience of informants rigorously as it gave flexibility and encouraged discussion between researchers and informants. The data from in-depth interviews conducted were then analyzed using thematic analysis, focusing on the key concepts of CHIME conceptual framework of recovery. Results: This study found four major themes with fifteen subordinate themes: survivor’s efforts, challenges, social support, and hopes. The findings of this study were then integrated with CHIME framework, also known as the guiding philosophy of recovery for mental illness patients. Conclusion: These findings contributed to a better understanding of the recovery process and supports needed for MDD patients to recover. In addition, this study also gives hopes that MDD patients can recover, therefore breaking the social stigma still prevalent in the community. Based on these first-hand experiences shared by the survivors, it is hoped that the present interventions conducted by related organizations and caregivers can yield improvements so that the current patients who are still struggling with MDD can recover faster holistically. Limitations and implications for future research have also been discussed.