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The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.)

The present study was designed to evaluate the functional potential of common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) as a source of bioactive compounds of nutraceutical interest. The untargeted profiling of the bioactive components of common duckweed was carried out through ultra-high-performance liquid chromato...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Leilei, Rocchetti, Gabriele, Zengin, Gokhan, Del Buono, Daniele, Trevisan, Marco, Lucini, Luigi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9952736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36829872
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020313
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author Zhang, Leilei
Rocchetti, Gabriele
Zengin, Gokhan
Del Buono, Daniele
Trevisan, Marco
Lucini, Luigi
author_facet Zhang, Leilei
Rocchetti, Gabriele
Zengin, Gokhan
Del Buono, Daniele
Trevisan, Marco
Lucini, Luigi
author_sort Zhang, Leilei
collection PubMed
description The present study was designed to evaluate the functional potential of common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) as a source of bioactive compounds of nutraceutical interest. The untargeted profiling of the bioactive components of common duckweed was carried out through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS), in parallel with assessing in vitro antioxidant and enzymatic inhibition properties. The optimization of extraction parameters was determined using the response surface methodology (RSM) through a 3-factor central composite design. The process parameters included extraction temperature, % of ethanol, and ultrasound power, while the response variables were the phenolic content (considering each main phenolic class), total glucosinolates, total carotenoids, the antioxidant potential, and enzyme inhibition activities. The results revealed that common duckweed was a rich source of carotenoids and total flavonoids (mainly flavones and flavonols), followed by phenolic acids, low-molecular-weight phenolics, and glucosinolates. Interestingly, the total flavones, total flavonols and total carotenoid equivalents showed the highest and most positive correlation values with the bioactive properties measured. Finally, the combined RSM approach and unsupervised statistics allowed us to point out the pivotal impact of ethanol percentage in the extraction solvent to recover the highest amounts of bioactive compounds efficiently.
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spelling pubmed-99527362023-02-25 The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) Zhang, Leilei Rocchetti, Gabriele Zengin, Gokhan Del Buono, Daniele Trevisan, Marco Lucini, Luigi Antioxidants (Basel) Article The present study was designed to evaluate the functional potential of common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) as a source of bioactive compounds of nutraceutical interest. The untargeted profiling of the bioactive components of common duckweed was carried out through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS), in parallel with assessing in vitro antioxidant and enzymatic inhibition properties. The optimization of extraction parameters was determined using the response surface methodology (RSM) through a 3-factor central composite design. The process parameters included extraction temperature, % of ethanol, and ultrasound power, while the response variables were the phenolic content (considering each main phenolic class), total glucosinolates, total carotenoids, the antioxidant potential, and enzyme inhibition activities. The results revealed that common duckweed was a rich source of carotenoids and total flavonoids (mainly flavones and flavonols), followed by phenolic acids, low-molecular-weight phenolics, and glucosinolates. Interestingly, the total flavones, total flavonols and total carotenoid equivalents showed the highest and most positive correlation values with the bioactive properties measured. Finally, the combined RSM approach and unsupervised statistics allowed us to point out the pivotal impact of ethanol percentage in the extraction solvent to recover the highest amounts of bioactive compounds efficiently. MDPI 2023-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9952736/ /pubmed/36829872 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020313 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhang, Leilei
Rocchetti, Gabriele
Zengin, Gokhan
Del Buono, Daniele
Trevisan, Marco
Lucini, Luigi
The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
title The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
title_full The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
title_fullStr The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
title_full_unstemmed The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
title_short The Combination of Untargeted Metabolomics with Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Functional Potential of Common Duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
title_sort combination of untargeted metabolomics with response surface methodology to optimize the functional potential of common duckweed (lemna minor l.)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9952736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36829872
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020313
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