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Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Host-associated gut bacteria influence the eco-physiological functions of their hosts, for example, how they interact with natural enemies in their ecosystems, and hence the outcome of biological pest management regimes. Here, we assessed the effect of three common gut bacteria of th...

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Autores principales: Gwokyalya, Rehemah, Weldon, Christopher W., Herren, Jeremy Keith, Gichuhi, Joseph, Makhulu, Edward Edmond, Ndlela, Shepard, Mohamed, Samira Abuelgasim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9953478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36829551
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12020274
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author Gwokyalya, Rehemah
Weldon, Christopher W.
Herren, Jeremy Keith
Gichuhi, Joseph
Makhulu, Edward Edmond
Ndlela, Shepard
Mohamed, Samira Abuelgasim
author_facet Gwokyalya, Rehemah
Weldon, Christopher W.
Herren, Jeremy Keith
Gichuhi, Joseph
Makhulu, Edward Edmond
Ndlela, Shepard
Mohamed, Samira Abuelgasim
author_sort Gwokyalya, Rehemah
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Host-associated gut bacteria influence the eco-physiological functions of their hosts, for example, how they interact with natural enemies in their ecosystems, and hence the outcome of biological pest management regimes. Here, we assessed the effect of three common gut bacteria of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, on the biological control of this pest using parasitoid wasps. We found that some gut bacteria increased parasitoid emergence and positively impacted the size and fecundity of the emerging parasitoid offspring. We, therefore, conclude that some bacteria can be used as probiotics in the mass rearing of parasitoids to boost the biological control of the oriental fruit fly. ABSTRACT: Parasitoids are promising biocontrol agents of the devastating fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis. However, parasitoid performance is a function of several factors, including host-associated symbiotic bacteria. Providencia alcalifaciens, Citrobacter freundii, and Lactococcus lactis are among the symbiotic bacteria commonly associated with B. dorsalis, and they influence the eco-physiological functioning of this pest. However, whether these bacteria influence the interaction between this pest and its parasitoids is unknown. This study sought to elucidate the nature of the interaction of the parasitoids, Fopius arisanus, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, and Psyttlia cosyrae with B. dorsalis as mediated by symbiotic bacteria. Three types of fly lines were used: axenic, symbiotic, and bacteria-mono-associated (Lactococcus lactis, Providencia alcalifaciens, and Citrobacter freundii). The suitable stages of each fly line were exposed to the respective parasitoid species and reared until the emergence of adult flies/parasitoids. Thereafter, data on the emergence and parasitoid fitness traits were recorded. No wasps emerged from the fly lines exposed to P. cosyrae. The highest emergence of F. arisanus and D. longicaudata was recorded in the L. lactis fly lines. The parasitoid progeny from the L. lactis and P. alcalifaciens fly lines had the longest developmental time and the largest body size. Conversely, parasitoid fecundity was significantly lower in the L. lactis lines, whereas the P. alcalifaciens lines significantly improved fecundity. These results elucidate some effects of bacterial symbionts on host–parasitoid interactions and their potential in enhancing parasitoid-oriented management strategies against B. dorsalis.
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spelling pubmed-99534782023-02-25 Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations Gwokyalya, Rehemah Weldon, Christopher W. Herren, Jeremy Keith Gichuhi, Joseph Makhulu, Edward Edmond Ndlela, Shepard Mohamed, Samira Abuelgasim Biology (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Host-associated gut bacteria influence the eco-physiological functions of their hosts, for example, how they interact with natural enemies in their ecosystems, and hence the outcome of biological pest management regimes. Here, we assessed the effect of three common gut bacteria of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, on the biological control of this pest using parasitoid wasps. We found that some gut bacteria increased parasitoid emergence and positively impacted the size and fecundity of the emerging parasitoid offspring. We, therefore, conclude that some bacteria can be used as probiotics in the mass rearing of parasitoids to boost the biological control of the oriental fruit fly. ABSTRACT: Parasitoids are promising biocontrol agents of the devastating fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis. However, parasitoid performance is a function of several factors, including host-associated symbiotic bacteria. Providencia alcalifaciens, Citrobacter freundii, and Lactococcus lactis are among the symbiotic bacteria commonly associated with B. dorsalis, and they influence the eco-physiological functioning of this pest. However, whether these bacteria influence the interaction between this pest and its parasitoids is unknown. This study sought to elucidate the nature of the interaction of the parasitoids, Fopius arisanus, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, and Psyttlia cosyrae with B. dorsalis as mediated by symbiotic bacteria. Three types of fly lines were used: axenic, symbiotic, and bacteria-mono-associated (Lactococcus lactis, Providencia alcalifaciens, and Citrobacter freundii). The suitable stages of each fly line were exposed to the respective parasitoid species and reared until the emergence of adult flies/parasitoids. Thereafter, data on the emergence and parasitoid fitness traits were recorded. No wasps emerged from the fly lines exposed to P. cosyrae. The highest emergence of F. arisanus and D. longicaudata was recorded in the L. lactis fly lines. The parasitoid progeny from the L. lactis and P. alcalifaciens fly lines had the longest developmental time and the largest body size. Conversely, parasitoid fecundity was significantly lower in the L. lactis lines, whereas the P. alcalifaciens lines significantly improved fecundity. These results elucidate some effects of bacterial symbionts on host–parasitoid interactions and their potential in enhancing parasitoid-oriented management strategies against B. dorsalis. MDPI 2023-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9953478/ /pubmed/36829551 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12020274 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gwokyalya, Rehemah
Weldon, Christopher W.
Herren, Jeremy Keith
Gichuhi, Joseph
Makhulu, Edward Edmond
Ndlela, Shepard
Mohamed, Samira Abuelgasim
Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations
title Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations
title_full Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations
title_fullStr Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations
title_full_unstemmed Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations
title_short Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations
title_sort friend or foe: symbiotic bacteria in bactrocera dorsalis–parasitoid associations
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9953478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36829551
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12020274
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