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Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review
A major depressive disorder is a serious mental illness characterized by a pervasive low mood that negatively concerns personal life, work life, or education, affecting millions of people worldwide. To date, due to the complexity of the disease, the most common and effective treatments consist of a...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9953611/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36831086 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020550 |
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author | Mundula, Tiziana Baldi, Simone Gerace, Elisabetta Amedei, Amedeo |
author_facet | Mundula, Tiziana Baldi, Simone Gerace, Elisabetta Amedei, Amedeo |
author_sort | Mundula, Tiziana |
collection | PubMed |
description | A major depressive disorder is a serious mental illness characterized by a pervasive low mood that negatively concerns personal life, work life, or education, affecting millions of people worldwide. To date, due to the complexity of the disease, the most common and effective treatments consist of a multi-therapy approach, including psychological, social, and pharmacological support with antidepressant drugs. In general, antidepressants are effective in correcting chemical imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain, but recent evidence has underlined the pivotal role of gut microbiota (GM) also in the regulation of their pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, through indirect or direct mechanisms. The study of these complex interactions between GM and drugs is currently under the spotlight, and it has been recently named “pharmacomicrobiomics”. Hence, the purpose of this review is to summarize the contribution of GM and its metabolites in depression, as well as their role in the metabolism and activity of antidepressant drugs, in order to pave the way for the personalized administration of antidepressant therapies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9953611 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99536112023-02-25 Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review Mundula, Tiziana Baldi, Simone Gerace, Elisabetta Amedei, Amedeo Biomedicines Review A major depressive disorder is a serious mental illness characterized by a pervasive low mood that negatively concerns personal life, work life, or education, affecting millions of people worldwide. To date, due to the complexity of the disease, the most common and effective treatments consist of a multi-therapy approach, including psychological, social, and pharmacological support with antidepressant drugs. In general, antidepressants are effective in correcting chemical imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain, but recent evidence has underlined the pivotal role of gut microbiota (GM) also in the regulation of their pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, through indirect or direct mechanisms. The study of these complex interactions between GM and drugs is currently under the spotlight, and it has been recently named “pharmacomicrobiomics”. Hence, the purpose of this review is to summarize the contribution of GM and its metabolites in depression, as well as their role in the metabolism and activity of antidepressant drugs, in order to pave the way for the personalized administration of antidepressant therapies. MDPI 2023-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9953611/ /pubmed/36831086 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020550 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mundula, Tiziana Baldi, Simone Gerace, Elisabetta Amedei, Amedeo Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review |
title | Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review |
title_full | Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review |
title_fullStr | Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review |
title_short | Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Genesis of Major Depression and the Response to Antidepressant Drug Therapy: A Narrative Review |
title_sort | role of the intestinal microbiota in the genesis of major depression and the response to antidepressant drug therapy: a narrative review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9953611/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36831086 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020550 |
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