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Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era
Apathy, depression, and anxiety are common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Tracking the changes in such symptoms over time would be valuable not only to determine their natural course during the disease, but also to establish the effects of unusual historical events interacting with...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9954738/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36831742 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020199 |
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author | Kinger, Shraddha B. Juneau, Truley Kaplan, Rini I. Pluim, Celina F. Fox-Fuller, Joshua T. Wang, Timothy Mukadam, Nishaat Neargarder, Sandy Salazar, Robert D. Cronin-Golomb, Alice |
author_facet | Kinger, Shraddha B. Juneau, Truley Kaplan, Rini I. Pluim, Celina F. Fox-Fuller, Joshua T. Wang, Timothy Mukadam, Nishaat Neargarder, Sandy Salazar, Robert D. Cronin-Golomb, Alice |
author_sort | Kinger, Shraddha B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Apathy, depression, and anxiety are common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Tracking the changes in such symptoms over time would be valuable not only to determine their natural course during the disease, but also to establish the effects of unusual historical events interacting with the natural course. Having collected data on apathy (Apathy Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), and anxiety (Parkinson’s Anxiety Scale) in a large sample of persons with PD (PwPD) before the beginning of the COVID-19 era, we followed up with these individuals to investigate the changes in their prevalence of apathy, depression, and anxiety across two timepoints (T1 and T2). Of the original 347 participants, 111 responded and provided complete data at T2. The data collection at T1, before COVID-19, occurred between 2017–2018. The data collection at T2 occurred in 2021 and included the same measures, with the addition of the Coronavirus Impact Scale to assess the effects of the pandemic on the individual participants. Over this period, there was a significant increase in apathy, but not in depression or anxiety. Anxiety and depression, but not apathy, were correlated with the impact of COVID-19. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9954738 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99547382023-02-25 Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era Kinger, Shraddha B. Juneau, Truley Kaplan, Rini I. Pluim, Celina F. Fox-Fuller, Joshua T. Wang, Timothy Mukadam, Nishaat Neargarder, Sandy Salazar, Robert D. Cronin-Golomb, Alice Brain Sci Article Apathy, depression, and anxiety are common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Tracking the changes in such symptoms over time would be valuable not only to determine their natural course during the disease, but also to establish the effects of unusual historical events interacting with the natural course. Having collected data on apathy (Apathy Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), and anxiety (Parkinson’s Anxiety Scale) in a large sample of persons with PD (PwPD) before the beginning of the COVID-19 era, we followed up with these individuals to investigate the changes in their prevalence of apathy, depression, and anxiety across two timepoints (T1 and T2). Of the original 347 participants, 111 responded and provided complete data at T2. The data collection at T1, before COVID-19, occurred between 2017–2018. The data collection at T2 occurred in 2021 and included the same measures, with the addition of the Coronavirus Impact Scale to assess the effects of the pandemic on the individual participants. Over this period, there was a significant increase in apathy, but not in depression or anxiety. Anxiety and depression, but not apathy, were correlated with the impact of COVID-19. MDPI 2023-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9954738/ /pubmed/36831742 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020199 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kinger, Shraddha B. Juneau, Truley Kaplan, Rini I. Pluim, Celina F. Fox-Fuller, Joshua T. Wang, Timothy Mukadam, Nishaat Neargarder, Sandy Salazar, Robert D. Cronin-Golomb, Alice Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era |
title | Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era |
title_full | Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era |
title_fullStr | Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era |
title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era |
title_short | Changes in Apathy, Depression, and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease from before to during the COVID-19 Era |
title_sort | changes in apathy, depression, and anxiety in parkinson’s disease from before to during the covid-19 era |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9954738/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36831742 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020199 |
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