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Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin?

Water is a vital nutrient with innumerable functions for every living cell. The functions of human skin include protection against dehydration of the body. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease that presents with dry skin, erythematous and eczematous lesions, and lic...

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Autores principales: Douladiris, Nikolaos, Vakirlis, Efstratios, Vassilopoulou, Emilia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9954916/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832402
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10020273
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author Douladiris, Nikolaos
Vakirlis, Efstratios
Vassilopoulou, Emilia
author_facet Douladiris, Nikolaos
Vakirlis, Efstratios
Vassilopoulou, Emilia
author_sort Douladiris, Nikolaos
collection PubMed
description Water is a vital nutrient with innumerable functions for every living cell. The functions of human skin include protection against dehydration of the body. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease that presents with dry skin, erythematous and eczematous lesions, and lichenification. This paper discusses the question of whether extra water intake in children with AD affects skin hydration and the skin barrier function. Among the methods used to treat dry skin, topical leave-on products are the first-line treatment, intended to improve hydration and the skin barrier function. The effectiveness of adequate water intake as a measure to treat dry skin is still under debate. Normal skin hydration increases with dietary water intake, particularly in those with prior lower water consumption. Skin dryness in AD is instrumental to the itch and inflammation cycle, contributing to barrier impairment and aggravating disease severity and flares. Certain emollients provide significant hydration to AD skin, with relief of dryness and reduction in barrier impairment, disease severity, and flares. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the optimum water intake levels in children with AD, as important questions remain unanswered, namely, does oral hydration provide relief of skin dryness and reduce barrier impairment, disease severity, and flares; is there any additional benefit from using mineral or thermal spring water; or is there a need to specifically study the fluid/water intake in children with AD and food allergy (FA) restrictions?
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spelling pubmed-99549162023-02-25 Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin? Douladiris, Nikolaos Vakirlis, Efstratios Vassilopoulou, Emilia Children (Basel) Review Water is a vital nutrient with innumerable functions for every living cell. The functions of human skin include protection against dehydration of the body. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease that presents with dry skin, erythematous and eczematous lesions, and lichenification. This paper discusses the question of whether extra water intake in children with AD affects skin hydration and the skin barrier function. Among the methods used to treat dry skin, topical leave-on products are the first-line treatment, intended to improve hydration and the skin barrier function. The effectiveness of adequate water intake as a measure to treat dry skin is still under debate. Normal skin hydration increases with dietary water intake, particularly in those with prior lower water consumption. Skin dryness in AD is instrumental to the itch and inflammation cycle, contributing to barrier impairment and aggravating disease severity and flares. Certain emollients provide significant hydration to AD skin, with relief of dryness and reduction in barrier impairment, disease severity, and flares. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the optimum water intake levels in children with AD, as important questions remain unanswered, namely, does oral hydration provide relief of skin dryness and reduce barrier impairment, disease severity, and flares; is there any additional benefit from using mineral or thermal spring water; or is there a need to specifically study the fluid/water intake in children with AD and food allergy (FA) restrictions? MDPI 2023-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9954916/ /pubmed/36832402 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10020273 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Douladiris, Nikolaos
Vakirlis, Efstratios
Vassilopoulou, Emilia
Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin?
title Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin?
title_full Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin?
title_fullStr Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin?
title_full_unstemmed Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin?
title_short Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin?
title_sort atopic dermatitis and water: is there an optimum water intake level for improving atopic skin?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9954916/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832402
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10020273
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