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Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center
Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is the most common autoimmune encephalitis in children. There is a high probability of recovery if treated promptly. We aimed to analyze the clinical features and long-term outcomes of pediatric patients with anti-NMDA receptor encep...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9954979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10020182 |
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author | Wu, Pei-Yu Chi, Ching-Shiang Tsai, Chi-Ren Yang, Yao-Lun Lee, Hsiu-Fen |
author_facet | Wu, Pei-Yu Chi, Ching-Shiang Tsai, Chi-Ren Yang, Yao-Lun Lee, Hsiu-Fen |
author_sort | Wu, Pei-Yu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is the most common autoimmune encephalitis in children. There is a high probability of recovery if treated promptly. We aimed to analyze the clinical features and long-term outcomes of pediatric patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Method: We conducted a retrospective study with definite diagnoses of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in 11 children treated in a tertiary referral center between March 2012 and March 2022. Clinical features, ancillary tests, treatment, and outcomes were reviewed. Results: The median age at disease onset was 7.9 years. There were eight females (72.7%) and three males (27.3%). Three (27.3%) patients initially presented with focal and/or generalized seizures and eight (72.7%) with behavioral change. Seven patients (63.6%) revealed normal brain MRI scans. Seven (63.6%) had abnormal EEG results. Ten patients (90.1%) received intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroid, and/or plasmapheresis. After a median follow-up duration of 3.5 years, one patient was lost to follow-up at the acute stage, nine (90%) had an mRS ≤ 2, and only one had an mRS of 3. Conclusions: With the early recognition of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis based on its clinical features and ancillary tests, we were able to treat patients promptly with first-line treatment and achieve favorable neurological outcomes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9954979 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99549792023-02-25 Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center Wu, Pei-Yu Chi, Ching-Shiang Tsai, Chi-Ren Yang, Yao-Lun Lee, Hsiu-Fen Children (Basel) Article Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is the most common autoimmune encephalitis in children. There is a high probability of recovery if treated promptly. We aimed to analyze the clinical features and long-term outcomes of pediatric patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Method: We conducted a retrospective study with definite diagnoses of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in 11 children treated in a tertiary referral center between March 2012 and March 2022. Clinical features, ancillary tests, treatment, and outcomes were reviewed. Results: The median age at disease onset was 7.9 years. There were eight females (72.7%) and three males (27.3%). Three (27.3%) patients initially presented with focal and/or generalized seizures and eight (72.7%) with behavioral change. Seven patients (63.6%) revealed normal brain MRI scans. Seven (63.6%) had abnormal EEG results. Ten patients (90.1%) received intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroid, and/or plasmapheresis. After a median follow-up duration of 3.5 years, one patient was lost to follow-up at the acute stage, nine (90%) had an mRS ≤ 2, and only one had an mRS of 3. Conclusions: With the early recognition of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis based on its clinical features and ancillary tests, we were able to treat patients promptly with first-line treatment and achieve favorable neurological outcomes. MDPI 2023-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9954979/ /pubmed/36832312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10020182 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wu, Pei-Yu Chi, Ching-Shiang Tsai, Chi-Ren Yang, Yao-Lun Lee, Hsiu-Fen Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center |
title | Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center |
title_full | Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center |
title_fullStr | Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center |
title_full_unstemmed | Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center |
title_short | Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Single Center |
title_sort | long-term outcome of pediatric patients with anti-nmda receptor encephalitis in a single center |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9954979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10020182 |
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