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Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization
Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote parties to share information-theoretic secret keys. Many QKD protocols assume the phase of encoding state can be continuous randomized from 0 to [Formula: see text] , which, however, may be questionable in the experiment. This is particularly the case...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9955484/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832625 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020258 |
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author | Wang, Rui-Qiang Yin, Zhen-Qiang Jin, Xiao-Hang Wang, Rong Wang, Shuang Chen, Wei Guo, Guang-Can Han, Zheng-Fu |
author_facet | Wang, Rui-Qiang Yin, Zhen-Qiang Jin, Xiao-Hang Wang, Rong Wang, Shuang Chen, Wei Guo, Guang-Can Han, Zheng-Fu |
author_sort | Wang, Rui-Qiang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote parties to share information-theoretic secret keys. Many QKD protocols assume the phase of encoding state can be continuous randomized from 0 to [Formula: see text] , which, however, may be questionable in the experiment. This is particularly the case in the recently proposed twin-field (TF) QKD, which has received a lot of attention since it can increase the key rate significantly and even beat some theoretical rate-loss limits. As an intuitive solution, one may introduce discrete-phase randomization instead of continuous randomization. However, a security proof for a QKD protocol with discrete-phase randomization in the finite-key region is still missing. Here, we develop a technique based on conjugate measurement and quantum state distinguishment to analyze the security in this case. Our results show that TF-QKD with a reasonable number of discrete random phases, e.g., 8 phases from [Formula: see text] , can achieve satisfactory performance. On the other hand, we find the finite-size effects become more notable than before, which implies that more pulses should be emit in this case. More importantly, as a the first proof for TF-QKD with discrete-phase randomization in the finite-key region, our method is also applicable in other QKD protocols. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9955484 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99554842023-02-25 Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization Wang, Rui-Qiang Yin, Zhen-Qiang Jin, Xiao-Hang Wang, Rong Wang, Shuang Chen, Wei Guo, Guang-Can Han, Zheng-Fu Entropy (Basel) Article Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote parties to share information-theoretic secret keys. Many QKD protocols assume the phase of encoding state can be continuous randomized from 0 to [Formula: see text] , which, however, may be questionable in the experiment. This is particularly the case in the recently proposed twin-field (TF) QKD, which has received a lot of attention since it can increase the key rate significantly and even beat some theoretical rate-loss limits. As an intuitive solution, one may introduce discrete-phase randomization instead of continuous randomization. However, a security proof for a QKD protocol with discrete-phase randomization in the finite-key region is still missing. Here, we develop a technique based on conjugate measurement and quantum state distinguishment to analyze the security in this case. Our results show that TF-QKD with a reasonable number of discrete random phases, e.g., 8 phases from [Formula: see text] , can achieve satisfactory performance. On the other hand, we find the finite-size effects become more notable than before, which implies that more pulses should be emit in this case. More importantly, as a the first proof for TF-QKD with discrete-phase randomization in the finite-key region, our method is also applicable in other QKD protocols. MDPI 2023-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9955484/ /pubmed/36832625 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020258 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Rui-Qiang Yin, Zhen-Qiang Jin, Xiao-Hang Wang, Rong Wang, Shuang Chen, Wei Guo, Guang-Can Han, Zheng-Fu Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization |
title | Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization |
title_full | Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization |
title_fullStr | Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization |
title_full_unstemmed | Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization |
title_short | Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Discrete-Phase Randomization |
title_sort | finite-key analysis for quantum key distribution with discrete-phase randomization |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9955484/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832625 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020258 |
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