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Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks

Most models of complex systems have been homogeneous, i.e., all elements have the same properties (spatial, temporal, structural, functional). However, most natural systems are heterogeneous: few elements are more relevant, larger, stronger, or faster than others. In homogeneous systems, criticality...

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Autores principales: López-Díaz, Amahury Jafet, Sánchez-Puig, Fernanda, Gershenson, Carlos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9955688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832621
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020254
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author López-Díaz, Amahury Jafet
Sánchez-Puig, Fernanda
Gershenson, Carlos
author_facet López-Díaz, Amahury Jafet
Sánchez-Puig, Fernanda
Gershenson, Carlos
author_sort López-Díaz, Amahury Jafet
collection PubMed
description Most models of complex systems have been homogeneous, i.e., all elements have the same properties (spatial, temporal, structural, functional). However, most natural systems are heterogeneous: few elements are more relevant, larger, stronger, or faster than others. In homogeneous systems, criticality—a balance between change and stability, order and chaos—is usually found for a very narrow region in the parameter space, close to a phase transition. Using random Boolean networks—a general model of discrete dynamical systems—we show that heterogeneity—in time, structure, and function—can broaden additively the parameter region where criticality is found. Moreover, parameter regions where antifragility is found are also increased with heterogeneity. However, maximum antifragility is found for particular parameters in homogeneous networks. Our work suggests that the “optimal” balance between homogeneity and heterogeneity is non-trivial, context-dependent, and in some cases, dynamic.
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spelling pubmed-99556882023-02-25 Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks López-Díaz, Amahury Jafet Sánchez-Puig, Fernanda Gershenson, Carlos Entropy (Basel) Article Most models of complex systems have been homogeneous, i.e., all elements have the same properties (spatial, temporal, structural, functional). However, most natural systems are heterogeneous: few elements are more relevant, larger, stronger, or faster than others. In homogeneous systems, criticality—a balance between change and stability, order and chaos—is usually found for a very narrow region in the parameter space, close to a phase transition. Using random Boolean networks—a general model of discrete dynamical systems—we show that heterogeneity—in time, structure, and function—can broaden additively the parameter region where criticality is found. Moreover, parameter regions where antifragility is found are also increased with heterogeneity. However, maximum antifragility is found for particular parameters in homogeneous networks. Our work suggests that the “optimal” balance between homogeneity and heterogeneity is non-trivial, context-dependent, and in some cases, dynamic. MDPI 2023-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9955688/ /pubmed/36832621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020254 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
López-Díaz, Amahury Jafet
Sánchez-Puig, Fernanda
Gershenson, Carlos
Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks
title Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks
title_full Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks
title_fullStr Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks
title_full_unstemmed Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks
title_short Temporal, Structural, and Functional Heterogeneities Extend Criticality and Antifragility in Random Boolean Networks
title_sort temporal, structural, and functional heterogeneities extend criticality and antifragility in random boolean networks
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9955688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36832621
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020254
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