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Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

According to the World Health Organization, 83,339 laboratory-confirmed cases, including 72 deaths, of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), have been reported from 110 locations globally as of 20 December 2022, making the disease a public health concern. Most of the cases (56,171, 67.4%) were reporte...

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Autores principales: Malone, Shelia M., Mitra, Amal K., Onumah, Nwanne A., Brown, Alexis, Jones, Lena M., Tresvant, Da’Chirion, Brown, Cagney S., Onyia, Austine U., Iseguede, Faith O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833653
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042963
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author Malone, Shelia M.
Mitra, Amal K.
Onumah, Nwanne A.
Brown, Alexis
Jones, Lena M.
Tresvant, Da’Chirion
Brown, Cagney S.
Onyia, Austine U.
Iseguede, Faith O.
author_facet Malone, Shelia M.
Mitra, Amal K.
Onumah, Nwanne A.
Brown, Alexis
Jones, Lena M.
Tresvant, Da’Chirion
Brown, Cagney S.
Onyia, Austine U.
Iseguede, Faith O.
author_sort Malone, Shelia M.
collection PubMed
description According to the World Health Organization, 83,339 laboratory-confirmed cases, including 72 deaths, of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), have been reported from 110 locations globally as of 20 December 2022, making the disease a public health concern. Most of the cases (56,171, 67.4%) were reported from countries in North America. Limited data on vaccine effectiveness in the current mpox outbreak are available. However, the modified vaccinia virus (smallpox vaccine) has been predicted to prevent or reduce the severity of the mpox infection. The present study of systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the modified vaccinia vaccine’s safety and efficacy on mpox by using reported randomized clinical trials. Following guidelines from the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA, multiple databases including PubMed, PLOS ONE, Google Scholar, British Medical Journal, and the U. S. National Library of Medicine were searched. Out of 13,294 research articles initially identified, 187 were screened after removing duplicates. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the meta-analysis included ten studies with 7430 patients. Three researchers independently assessed the risk of bias in the included study. The pooled results suggest that the vaccinia-exposed group had fewer side effects when compared to the vaccinia naïve group (odds ratio: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.07–2.57; p = 0.03). Overall, the modified vaccinia has proven safe and effective in both vaccinia naïve and previously exposed groups, with higher efficacy in the previously exposed groups.
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spelling pubmed-99570802023-02-25 Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis Malone, Shelia M. Mitra, Amal K. Onumah, Nwanne A. Brown, Alexis Jones, Lena M. Tresvant, Da’Chirion Brown, Cagney S. Onyia, Austine U. Iseguede, Faith O. Int J Environ Res Public Health Review According to the World Health Organization, 83,339 laboratory-confirmed cases, including 72 deaths, of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), have been reported from 110 locations globally as of 20 December 2022, making the disease a public health concern. Most of the cases (56,171, 67.4%) were reported from countries in North America. Limited data on vaccine effectiveness in the current mpox outbreak are available. However, the modified vaccinia virus (smallpox vaccine) has been predicted to prevent or reduce the severity of the mpox infection. The present study of systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the modified vaccinia vaccine’s safety and efficacy on mpox by using reported randomized clinical trials. Following guidelines from the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA, multiple databases including PubMed, PLOS ONE, Google Scholar, British Medical Journal, and the U. S. National Library of Medicine were searched. Out of 13,294 research articles initially identified, 187 were screened after removing duplicates. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the meta-analysis included ten studies with 7430 patients. Three researchers independently assessed the risk of bias in the included study. The pooled results suggest that the vaccinia-exposed group had fewer side effects when compared to the vaccinia naïve group (odds ratio: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.07–2.57; p = 0.03). Overall, the modified vaccinia has proven safe and effective in both vaccinia naïve and previously exposed groups, with higher efficacy in the previously exposed groups. MDPI 2023-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9957080/ /pubmed/36833653 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042963 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Malone, Shelia M.
Mitra, Amal K.
Onumah, Nwanne A.
Brown, Alexis
Jones, Lena M.
Tresvant, Da’Chirion
Brown, Cagney S.
Onyia, Austine U.
Iseguede, Faith O.
Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
title Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
title_full Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
title_short Safety and Efficacy of Post-Eradication Smallpox Vaccine as an Mpox Vaccine: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
title_sort safety and efficacy of post-eradication smallpox vaccine as an mpox vaccine: a systematic review with meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833653
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042963
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