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New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing

BACKGROUND: The rate of tuberculosis (TB) infection among the prison population (PP) in Brazil is 28 times higher than that in the general population, and prison environment favors the spread of TB. OBJECTIVE: To describe TB transmission dynamics and drug resistance profiles in PP using whole-genome...

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Autores principales: Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala, Gallo, Juliana Failde, Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe, Peronni, Kamila Chagas, da Silva, Wilson Araújo, Ruy, Patricia de Cássia, Conceição, Emilyn Costa, Dippenaar, Anzaan, Warren, Robin Mark, Monroe, Aline Aparecida, Oliveira, Rosangela Siqueira, Bollela, Valdes Roberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36820651
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0181-2022
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author Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala
Gallo, Juliana Failde
Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe
Peronni, Kamila Chagas
da Silva, Wilson Araújo
Ruy, Patricia de Cássia
Conceição, Emilyn Costa
Dippenaar, Anzaan
Warren, Robin Mark
Monroe, Aline Aparecida
Oliveira, Rosangela Siqueira
Bollela, Valdes Roberto
author_facet Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala
Gallo, Juliana Failde
Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe
Peronni, Kamila Chagas
da Silva, Wilson Araújo
Ruy, Patricia de Cássia
Conceição, Emilyn Costa
Dippenaar, Anzaan
Warren, Robin Mark
Monroe, Aline Aparecida
Oliveira, Rosangela Siqueira
Bollela, Valdes Roberto
author_sort Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The rate of tuberculosis (TB) infection among the prison population (PP) in Brazil is 28 times higher than that in the general population, and prison environment favors the spread of TB. OBJECTIVE: To describe TB transmission dynamics and drug resistance profiles in PP using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). METHODS: This was a retrospective study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultivated from people incarcerated in 55 prisons between 2016 and 2019; only one isolate per prisoner was included. Information about movement from one prison to another was tracked. Clinical information was collected, and WGS was performed on isolates obtained at the time of TB diagnosis. RESULTS: Among 134 prisoners included in the study, we detected 16 clusters with a total of 58 (43%) cases of M. tuberculosis. Clusters ranged from two to seven isolates with five or fewer single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences, suggesting a recent transmission. Six (4.4%) isolates were resistant to at least one anti-TB drug. Two of these clustered together and showed resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, and fluoroquinolones, with 100% concordance between WGS and phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing. Prisoners with clustered isolates had a high amount of movement between prisons (two to eight moves) during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: WGS demonstrated the recent transmission of TB within prisons in Brazil. The high movement among prisoners seems to be related to the transmission of the same M. tuberculosis strain within the prison system. Screening for TB before and after the movement of prisoners using rapid molecular tests could play a role in reducing transmission.
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spelling pubmed-99571342023-02-25 New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala Gallo, Juliana Failde Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe Peronni, Kamila Chagas da Silva, Wilson Araújo Ruy, Patricia de Cássia Conceição, Emilyn Costa Dippenaar, Anzaan Warren, Robin Mark Monroe, Aline Aparecida Oliveira, Rosangela Siqueira Bollela, Valdes Roberto Rev Soc Bras Med Trop Major Article BACKGROUND: The rate of tuberculosis (TB) infection among the prison population (PP) in Brazil is 28 times higher than that in the general population, and prison environment favors the spread of TB. OBJECTIVE: To describe TB transmission dynamics and drug resistance profiles in PP using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). METHODS: This was a retrospective study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultivated from people incarcerated in 55 prisons between 2016 and 2019; only one isolate per prisoner was included. Information about movement from one prison to another was tracked. Clinical information was collected, and WGS was performed on isolates obtained at the time of TB diagnosis. RESULTS: Among 134 prisoners included in the study, we detected 16 clusters with a total of 58 (43%) cases of M. tuberculosis. Clusters ranged from two to seven isolates with five or fewer single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences, suggesting a recent transmission. Six (4.4%) isolates were resistant to at least one anti-TB drug. Two of these clustered together and showed resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, and fluoroquinolones, with 100% concordance between WGS and phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing. Prisoners with clustered isolates had a high amount of movement between prisons (two to eight moves) during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: WGS demonstrated the recent transmission of TB within prisons in Brazil. The high movement among prisoners seems to be related to the transmission of the same M. tuberculosis strain within the prison system. Screening for TB before and after the movement of prisoners using rapid molecular tests could play a role in reducing transmission. Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT 2023-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9957134/ /pubmed/36820651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0181-2022 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
spellingShingle Major Article
Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala
Gallo, Juliana Failde
Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe
Peronni, Kamila Chagas
da Silva, Wilson Araújo
Ruy, Patricia de Cássia
Conceição, Emilyn Costa
Dippenaar, Anzaan
Warren, Robin Mark
Monroe, Aline Aparecida
Oliveira, Rosangela Siqueira
Bollela, Valdes Roberto
New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing
title New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing
title_full New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing
title_fullStr New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing
title_full_unstemmed New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing
title_short New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing
title_sort new insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in southern brazil based on whole-genome sequencing
topic Major Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36820651
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0181-2022
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