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Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria

Background: Brazil is one of the world’s largest pesticide consumers, but information on pesticide poisoning among workers is scarce. Objective: To evaluate acute pesticide poisoning among tobacco growers, according to different criteria. Methods: This was a two-step cross-sectional study with 492 p...

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Autores principales: Faria, Neice Muller Xavier, Meucci, Rodrigo Dalke, Fiori, Nadia Spada, Carret, Maria Laura Vidal, Mello-da-Silva, Carlos Augusto, Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957221/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833515
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042818
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author Faria, Neice Muller Xavier
Meucci, Rodrigo Dalke
Fiori, Nadia Spada
Carret, Maria Laura Vidal
Mello-da-Silva, Carlos Augusto
Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal
author_facet Faria, Neice Muller Xavier
Meucci, Rodrigo Dalke
Fiori, Nadia Spada
Carret, Maria Laura Vidal
Mello-da-Silva, Carlos Augusto
Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal
author_sort Faria, Neice Muller Xavier
collection PubMed
description Background: Brazil is one of the world’s largest pesticide consumers, but information on pesticide poisoning among workers is scarce. Objective: To evaluate acute pesticide poisoning among tobacco growers, according to different criteria. Methods: This was a two-step cross-sectional study with 492 pesticide applicators. It used a 25 question pesticide-related symptoms (PRS) questionnaire and medical diagnosis for comparison with toxicological assessment. Associations were evaluated using Poisson regression. Results: 10.6% reported two or more PRS, while 8.1% reported three or more. Furthermore, 12.2% received a medical diagnosis of poisoning. According to toxicologists, possible cases accounted for 14.2% and probable cases for 4.3%. PRS increased during the period of greater exposure. Those exposed to dithiocarbamates, sulfentrazone, pyrethroids, fipronil and iprodione exhibited more PRS. The number of exposure types, multi-chemical exposure, clothes wet with pesticides and spillage on the body/clothes were associated with acute poisonings. All criteria showed sensitivity greater than 79% for probable cases but only greater than 70% for medical diagnosis when compared to possible cases, presenting substantial Kappa agreement. Conclusion: The prevalence of acute pesticide poisoning is much higher than officially recorded. Trained physicians can screen for pesticide poisoning. It is necessary to improve workers’ education to reduce pesticide use and exposure to them.
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spelling pubmed-99572212023-02-25 Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria Faria, Neice Muller Xavier Meucci, Rodrigo Dalke Fiori, Nadia Spada Carret, Maria Laura Vidal Mello-da-Silva, Carlos Augusto Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Background: Brazil is one of the world’s largest pesticide consumers, but information on pesticide poisoning among workers is scarce. Objective: To evaluate acute pesticide poisoning among tobacco growers, according to different criteria. Methods: This was a two-step cross-sectional study with 492 pesticide applicators. It used a 25 question pesticide-related symptoms (PRS) questionnaire and medical diagnosis for comparison with toxicological assessment. Associations were evaluated using Poisson regression. Results: 10.6% reported two or more PRS, while 8.1% reported three or more. Furthermore, 12.2% received a medical diagnosis of poisoning. According to toxicologists, possible cases accounted for 14.2% and probable cases for 4.3%. PRS increased during the period of greater exposure. Those exposed to dithiocarbamates, sulfentrazone, pyrethroids, fipronil and iprodione exhibited more PRS. The number of exposure types, multi-chemical exposure, clothes wet with pesticides and spillage on the body/clothes were associated with acute poisonings. All criteria showed sensitivity greater than 79% for probable cases but only greater than 70% for medical diagnosis when compared to possible cases, presenting substantial Kappa agreement. Conclusion: The prevalence of acute pesticide poisoning is much higher than officially recorded. Trained physicians can screen for pesticide poisoning. It is necessary to improve workers’ education to reduce pesticide use and exposure to them. MDPI 2023-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9957221/ /pubmed/36833515 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042818 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Faria, Neice Muller Xavier
Meucci, Rodrigo Dalke
Fiori, Nadia Spada
Carret, Maria Laura Vidal
Mello-da-Silva, Carlos Augusto
Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal
Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria
title Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria
title_full Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria
title_fullStr Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria
title_full_unstemmed Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria
title_short Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Tobacco Farming, According to Different Criteria
title_sort acute pesticide poisoning in tobacco farming, according to different criteria
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957221/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833515
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042818
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