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Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China

Active fault detection has an important significance for seismic disaster prevention and mitigation in urban areas. The high-density station arrays have the potential to provide a microtremor survey solution for shallow seismic investigations. However, the resolution limitation of the nodal seismome...

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Autores principales: Song, Ao, Ren, Junjie, Liu, Aichun, Zhang, Guangwei, Lei, Xiaoqiong, Zhang, Hao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833613
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042915
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author Song, Ao
Ren, Junjie
Liu, Aichun
Zhang, Guangwei
Lei, Xiaoqiong
Zhang, Hao
author_facet Song, Ao
Ren, Junjie
Liu, Aichun
Zhang, Guangwei
Lei, Xiaoqiong
Zhang, Hao
author_sort Song, Ao
collection PubMed
description Active fault detection has an important significance for seismic disaster prevention and mitigation in urban areas. The high-density station arrays have the potential to provide a microtremor survey solution for shallow seismic investigations. However, the resolution limitation of the nodal seismometer and small-scale lateral velocity being inhomogeneous hinder their application in near-surface active fault exploration. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has been developed rapidly in the past few years; it takes an optical fiber as the sensing medium and signal transmission medium, which can continuously detect vibration over long distances with high spatial resolution and low cost. This paper tried to address the issue of near-surface active fault exploration by using DAS. We selected a normal fault in the southern Datong basin, a graben basin in the Shanxi rift system in north China, to carry out the research. Microtremor surveys across the possible range of the active fault were conducted using DAS and nodal seismometers, so as to obtain a shallow shear wave velocity model. Meanwhile, we applied a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) and distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to monitor the real-time fluctuation of ground temperature and strain. Our results show that the resolution of the deep structures of the fault via the microtremor survey based on DAS is lower than that via the seismic reflection; whereas, their fault location is consistent, and the near-surface structure of the fault can be traced in the DAS results. In addition, both the BOTDR and DTS results indicate an apparent consistent change in ground temperature and strain across the fault determined by the DAS result, and the combination of surface monitoring and underground exploration will help to accurately avoid active faults and seismic potential assessment in urban areas.
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spelling pubmed-99574542023-02-25 Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China Song, Ao Ren, Junjie Liu, Aichun Zhang, Guangwei Lei, Xiaoqiong Zhang, Hao Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Active fault detection has an important significance for seismic disaster prevention and mitigation in urban areas. The high-density station arrays have the potential to provide a microtremor survey solution for shallow seismic investigations. However, the resolution limitation of the nodal seismometer and small-scale lateral velocity being inhomogeneous hinder their application in near-surface active fault exploration. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has been developed rapidly in the past few years; it takes an optical fiber as the sensing medium and signal transmission medium, which can continuously detect vibration over long distances with high spatial resolution and low cost. This paper tried to address the issue of near-surface active fault exploration by using DAS. We selected a normal fault in the southern Datong basin, a graben basin in the Shanxi rift system in north China, to carry out the research. Microtremor surveys across the possible range of the active fault were conducted using DAS and nodal seismometers, so as to obtain a shallow shear wave velocity model. Meanwhile, we applied a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) and distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to monitor the real-time fluctuation of ground temperature and strain. Our results show that the resolution of the deep structures of the fault via the microtremor survey based on DAS is lower than that via the seismic reflection; whereas, their fault location is consistent, and the near-surface structure of the fault can be traced in the DAS results. In addition, both the BOTDR and DTS results indicate an apparent consistent change in ground temperature and strain across the fault determined by the DAS result, and the combination of surface monitoring and underground exploration will help to accurately avoid active faults and seismic potential assessment in urban areas. MDPI 2023-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9957454/ /pubmed/36833613 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042915 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Song, Ao
Ren, Junjie
Liu, Aichun
Zhang, Guangwei
Lei, Xiaoqiong
Zhang, Hao
Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China
title Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China
title_full Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China
title_fullStr Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China
title_full_unstemmed Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China
title_short Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China
title_sort distributed acoustic sensing based on microtremor survey method for near-surface active faults exploration: a case study in datong basin, china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9957454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833613
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042915
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