Cargando…

Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements

Emerging and low-carbon technologies and innovations are driving a need for domestic sources, sustainable use, and availability of critical minerals (CMs)—those vital to the national and economic security of the United States. Understanding the known and potential health effects of exposures to such...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jenkins, Jill A., Musgrove, MaryLynn, White, Sarah Jane O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9958731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020188
_version_ 1784895097407537152
author Jenkins, Jill A.
Musgrove, MaryLynn
White, Sarah Jane O.
author_facet Jenkins, Jill A.
Musgrove, MaryLynn
White, Sarah Jane O.
author_sort Jenkins, Jill A.
collection PubMed
description Emerging and low-carbon technologies and innovations are driving a need for domestic sources, sustainable use, and availability of critical minerals (CMs)—those vital to the national and economic security of the United States. Understanding the known and potential health effects of exposures to such mineral commodities can inform prudent and environmentally responsible handling and harvesting. We review the occurrence, use, predominant exposure pathways, and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) for human and fish receptors of those CMs that are nutritionally essential trace metals (specifically, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, and zinc), as well as the rare earth elements. Biological responses to some elements having comparable biogeochemistry can sometimes be similar. Candidate quantifiable biomarkers for assessing potential AOP are conveyed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9958731
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-99587312023-02-26 Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements Jenkins, Jill A. Musgrove, MaryLynn White, Sarah Jane O. Toxics Review Emerging and low-carbon technologies and innovations are driving a need for domestic sources, sustainable use, and availability of critical minerals (CMs)—those vital to the national and economic security of the United States. Understanding the known and potential health effects of exposures to such mineral commodities can inform prudent and environmentally responsible handling and harvesting. We review the occurrence, use, predominant exposure pathways, and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) for human and fish receptors of those CMs that are nutritionally essential trace metals (specifically, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, and zinc), as well as the rare earth elements. Biological responses to some elements having comparable biogeochemistry can sometimes be similar. Candidate quantifiable biomarkers for assessing potential AOP are conveyed. MDPI 2023-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9958731/ /pubmed/36851062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020188 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Jenkins, Jill A.
Musgrove, MaryLynn
White, Sarah Jane O.
Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements
title Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements
title_full Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements
title_fullStr Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements
title_full_unstemmed Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements
title_short Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements
title_sort outlining potential biomarkers of exposure and effect to critical minerals: nutritionally essential trace elements and the rare earth elements
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9958731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020188
work_keys_str_mv AT jenkinsjilla outliningpotentialbiomarkersofexposureandeffecttocriticalmineralsnutritionallyessentialtraceelementsandtherareearthelements
AT musgrovemarylynn outliningpotentialbiomarkersofexposureandeffecttocriticalmineralsnutritionallyessentialtraceelementsandtherareearthelements
AT whitesarahjaneo outliningpotentialbiomarkersofexposureandeffecttocriticalmineralsnutritionallyessentialtraceelementsandtherareearthelements