Evaluating the Phytoremediation Potential of Eichhornia crassipes for the Removal of Cr and Li from Synthetic Polluted Water

Heavy metals like chromium (Cr) are hazardous pollutants for aquatic life in water bodies. Similarly, lithium (Li) is also an emerging contaminant in soil and water which later is taken up by plants. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the removal rate of Cr and Li by Eichhornia crassipes. The rate of the removal of Cr and Li by roots, stems, and leaves of E. crassipes were evaluated. The translocation factor (TF) and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) were also estimated. Roots of E. crassipes accumulated higher concentrations of Cr and Li as compared to the stems and leaves. BAF for Cr and Li showed that E. crassipes effectively accumulated the Cr and Li in the roots as compared to the stems and leaves. Statistical analysis showed that E. crassipes removed significant concentrations of Cr and Li (p ≤ 0.05). Thus, this study recommends that Cr and Li can be effectively removed by E. crassipes. High concentrations of Cr and Li could also be removed by E. crassipes. This technology could be used for the cleanup of the environment because it is eco-friendly and cost-effective.