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Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps

The two-armed bifids (bifid trichomes) occur on the external (abaxial) trap surface, petiole, and stem of the aquatic carnivorous plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa (Droseracee). These trichomes play the role of mucilage trichomes. This study aimed to fill the gap in the literature concerning the immunocyt...

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Autores principales: Płachno, Bartosz J., Kapusta, Małgorzata, Stolarczyk, Piotr, Wójciak, Magdalena, Świątek, Piotr
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9958864/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36834769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043358
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author Płachno, Bartosz J.
Kapusta, Małgorzata
Stolarczyk, Piotr
Wójciak, Magdalena
Świątek, Piotr
author_facet Płachno, Bartosz J.
Kapusta, Małgorzata
Stolarczyk, Piotr
Wójciak, Magdalena
Świątek, Piotr
author_sort Płachno, Bartosz J.
collection PubMed
description The two-armed bifids (bifid trichomes) occur on the external (abaxial) trap surface, petiole, and stem of the aquatic carnivorous plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa (Droseracee). These trichomes play the role of mucilage trichomes. This study aimed to fill the gap in the literature concerning the immunocytochemistry of the bifid trichomes and compare them with digestive trichomes. Light and electron microscopy was used to show the trichome structure. Fluorescence microscopy revealed the localization of carbohydrate epitopes associated with the major cell wall polysaccharides and glycoproteins. The stalk cells and the basal cells of the trichomes were differentiated as endodermal cells. Cell wall ingrowths occurred in all cell types of the bifid trichomes. Trichome cells differed in the composition of their cell walls. The cell walls of the head cells and stalk cells were enriched with arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs); however, they were generally poor in both low- and highly-esterified homogalacturonans (HGs). The cell walls in the trichome cells were rich in hemicelluloses: xyloglucan and galactoxyloglucan. The cell wall ingrowths in the basal cells were significantly enriched with hemicelluloses. The presence of endodermal cells and transfer cells supports the idea that bifid trichomes actively transport solutes, which are polysaccharide in nature. The presence of AGPs (which are considered plant signaling molecules) in the cell walls in these trichome cells indicates the active and important role of these trichomes in plant function. Future research should focus on the question of how the molecular architecture of trap cell walls changes in cells during trap development and prey capture and digestion in A. vesiculosa and other carnivorous plants.
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spelling pubmed-99588642023-02-26 Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps Płachno, Bartosz J. Kapusta, Małgorzata Stolarczyk, Piotr Wójciak, Magdalena Świątek, Piotr Int J Mol Sci Communication The two-armed bifids (bifid trichomes) occur on the external (abaxial) trap surface, petiole, and stem of the aquatic carnivorous plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa (Droseracee). These trichomes play the role of mucilage trichomes. This study aimed to fill the gap in the literature concerning the immunocytochemistry of the bifid trichomes and compare them with digestive trichomes. Light and electron microscopy was used to show the trichome structure. Fluorescence microscopy revealed the localization of carbohydrate epitopes associated with the major cell wall polysaccharides and glycoproteins. The stalk cells and the basal cells of the trichomes were differentiated as endodermal cells. Cell wall ingrowths occurred in all cell types of the bifid trichomes. Trichome cells differed in the composition of their cell walls. The cell walls of the head cells and stalk cells were enriched with arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs); however, they were generally poor in both low- and highly-esterified homogalacturonans (HGs). The cell walls in the trichome cells were rich in hemicelluloses: xyloglucan and galactoxyloglucan. The cell wall ingrowths in the basal cells were significantly enriched with hemicelluloses. The presence of endodermal cells and transfer cells supports the idea that bifid trichomes actively transport solutes, which are polysaccharide in nature. The presence of AGPs (which are considered plant signaling molecules) in the cell walls in these trichome cells indicates the active and important role of these trichomes in plant function. Future research should focus on the question of how the molecular architecture of trap cell walls changes in cells during trap development and prey capture and digestion in A. vesiculosa and other carnivorous plants. MDPI 2023-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9958864/ /pubmed/36834769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043358 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Płachno, Bartosz J.
Kapusta, Małgorzata
Stolarczyk, Piotr
Wójciak, Magdalena
Świątek, Piotr
Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps
title Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps
title_full Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps
title_fullStr Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps
title_full_unstemmed Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps
title_short Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Traps
title_sort immunocytochemical analysis of bifid trichomes in aldrovanda vesiculosa l. traps
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9958864/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36834769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043358
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