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Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles

Sodium alginate (SA)-based hydrogels are often employed as bioink for three-dimensional (3D) scaffold bioprinting. They offer a suitable environment for cell proliferation and differentiation during tissue regeneration and also control the release of growth factors and mesenchymal stem cell secretom...

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Autores principales: Bari, Elia, Di Gravina, Giulia Maria, Scocozza, Franca, Perteghella, Sara, Frongia, Benedetta, Tengattini, Sara, Segale, Lorena, Torre, Maria Luisa, Conti, Michele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9959026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839705
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020383
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author Bari, Elia
Di Gravina, Giulia Maria
Scocozza, Franca
Perteghella, Sara
Frongia, Benedetta
Tengattini, Sara
Segale, Lorena
Torre, Maria Luisa
Conti, Michele
author_facet Bari, Elia
Di Gravina, Giulia Maria
Scocozza, Franca
Perteghella, Sara
Frongia, Benedetta
Tengattini, Sara
Segale, Lorena
Torre, Maria Luisa
Conti, Michele
author_sort Bari, Elia
collection PubMed
description Sodium alginate (SA)-based hydrogels are often employed as bioink for three-dimensional (3D) scaffold bioprinting. They offer a suitable environment for cell proliferation and differentiation during tissue regeneration and also control the release of growth factors and mesenchymal stem cell secretome, which is useful for scaffold biointegration. However, such hydrogels show poor mechanical properties, fast-release kinetics, and low biological performance, hampering their successful clinical application. In this work, silk fibroin (SF), a protein with excellent biomechanical properties frequently used for controlled drug release, was blended with SA to obtain improved bioink and scaffold properties. Firstly, we produced a printable SA solution containing SF capable of the conformational change from Silk I (random coil) to Silk II (β-sheet): this transition is a fundamental condition to improve the scaffold’s mechanical properties. Then, the SA-SF blends’ printability and shape fidelity were demonstrated, and mechanical characterization of the printed hydrogels was performed: SF significantly increased compressive elastic modulus, while no influence on tensile response was detected. Finally, the release profile of Lyosecretome—a freeze-dried formulation of MSC-secretome containing extracellular vesicles (EV)—from scaffolds was determined: SF not only dramatically slowed the EV release rate, but also modified the kinetics and mechanism release with respect to the baseline of SA hydrogel. Overall, these results lay the foundation for the development of SA-SF bioinks with modulable mechanical and EV-release properties, and their application in 3D scaffold printing.
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spelling pubmed-99590262023-02-26 Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles Bari, Elia Di Gravina, Giulia Maria Scocozza, Franca Perteghella, Sara Frongia, Benedetta Tengattini, Sara Segale, Lorena Torre, Maria Luisa Conti, Michele Pharmaceutics Article Sodium alginate (SA)-based hydrogels are often employed as bioink for three-dimensional (3D) scaffold bioprinting. They offer a suitable environment for cell proliferation and differentiation during tissue regeneration and also control the release of growth factors and mesenchymal stem cell secretome, which is useful for scaffold biointegration. However, such hydrogels show poor mechanical properties, fast-release kinetics, and low biological performance, hampering their successful clinical application. In this work, silk fibroin (SF), a protein with excellent biomechanical properties frequently used for controlled drug release, was blended with SA to obtain improved bioink and scaffold properties. Firstly, we produced a printable SA solution containing SF capable of the conformational change from Silk I (random coil) to Silk II (β-sheet): this transition is a fundamental condition to improve the scaffold’s mechanical properties. Then, the SA-SF blends’ printability and shape fidelity were demonstrated, and mechanical characterization of the printed hydrogels was performed: SF significantly increased compressive elastic modulus, while no influence on tensile response was detected. Finally, the release profile of Lyosecretome—a freeze-dried formulation of MSC-secretome containing extracellular vesicles (EV)—from scaffolds was determined: SF not only dramatically slowed the EV release rate, but also modified the kinetics and mechanism release with respect to the baseline of SA hydrogel. Overall, these results lay the foundation for the development of SA-SF bioinks with modulable mechanical and EV-release properties, and their application in 3D scaffold printing. MDPI 2023-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9959026/ /pubmed/36839705 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020383 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bari, Elia
Di Gravina, Giulia Maria
Scocozza, Franca
Perteghella, Sara
Frongia, Benedetta
Tengattini, Sara
Segale, Lorena
Torre, Maria Luisa
Conti, Michele
Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles
title Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles
title_full Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles
title_fullStr Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles
title_full_unstemmed Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles
title_short Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles
title_sort silk fibroin bioink for 3d printing in tissue regeneration: controlled release of msc extracellular vesicles
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9959026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839705
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020383
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