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Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam

Diazepam (DZP) is a long-acting benzodiazepine to treat anxiety or acute alcohol withdrawal. Although this class of drugs should be taken for a short period of time, many patients take them for longer than recommended, which has been linked to an increased risk of dementia and dependence. The presen...

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Autores principales: Macedo, Joana, Marques, Rita, Vervaet, Chris, Pinto, João F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9960133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839860
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020538
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author Macedo, Joana
Marques, Rita
Vervaet, Chris
Pinto, João F.
author_facet Macedo, Joana
Marques, Rita
Vervaet, Chris
Pinto, João F.
author_sort Macedo, Joana
collection PubMed
description Diazepam (DZP) is a long-acting benzodiazepine to treat anxiety or acute alcohol withdrawal. Although this class of drugs should be taken for a short period of time, many patients take them for longer than recommended, which has been linked to an increased risk of dementia and dependence. The present work aimed at using the dual-nozzle system of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers to prepare tablets with gradual doses of DZP with constant mass and size. Placebo and DZP-loaded filaments were prepared by hot-melt extrusion and used to print the bi-compartmental tablets. Thermal processing allowed the conversion of crystalline DZP to its amorphous counterpart. Tablets with different DZP contents were effectively printed with a mass, thickness and diameter average of 111.6 mg, 3.1 mm, and 6.4 mm, respectively. Microscopic data showed good adhesion between the different layers in the printed tablets. The desired drug contents were successfully achieved and were within the acceptance criteria (European Pharmacopeia). The combination of a placebo and drug-loaded extrudates proved to be beneficial in the production of tablets by FDM for patients in need of drug withdrawal.
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spelling pubmed-99601332023-02-26 Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam Macedo, Joana Marques, Rita Vervaet, Chris Pinto, João F. Pharmaceutics Article Diazepam (DZP) is a long-acting benzodiazepine to treat anxiety or acute alcohol withdrawal. Although this class of drugs should be taken for a short period of time, many patients take them for longer than recommended, which has been linked to an increased risk of dementia and dependence. The present work aimed at using the dual-nozzle system of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers to prepare tablets with gradual doses of DZP with constant mass and size. Placebo and DZP-loaded filaments were prepared by hot-melt extrusion and used to print the bi-compartmental tablets. Thermal processing allowed the conversion of crystalline DZP to its amorphous counterpart. Tablets with different DZP contents were effectively printed with a mass, thickness and diameter average of 111.6 mg, 3.1 mm, and 6.4 mm, respectively. Microscopic data showed good adhesion between the different layers in the printed tablets. The desired drug contents were successfully achieved and were within the acceptance criteria (European Pharmacopeia). The combination of a placebo and drug-loaded extrudates proved to be beneficial in the production of tablets by FDM for patients in need of drug withdrawal. MDPI 2023-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9960133/ /pubmed/36839860 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020538 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Macedo, Joana
Marques, Rita
Vervaet, Chris
Pinto, João F.
Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam
title Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam
title_full Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam
title_fullStr Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam
title_full_unstemmed Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam
title_short Production of Bi-Compartmental Tablets by FDM 3D Printing for the Withdrawal of Diazepam
title_sort production of bi-compartmental tablets by fdm 3d printing for the withdrawal of diazepam
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9960133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839860
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020538
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