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Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage

Nanoparticles (1 to 100 nm) have unique physical and chemical properties, which makes them suitable for application in a vast range of scientific and technological fields. In particular, metal nanoparticle (MNPs) research has been showing promising antimicrobial activities, paving the way for new ap...

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Autores principales: Carrapiço, António, Martins, Maria Rosário, Caldeira, Ana Teresa, Mirão, José, Dias, Luís
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9960935/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838343
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020378
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author Carrapiço, António
Martins, Maria Rosário
Caldeira, Ana Teresa
Mirão, José
Dias, Luís
author_facet Carrapiço, António
Martins, Maria Rosário
Caldeira, Ana Teresa
Mirão, José
Dias, Luís
author_sort Carrapiço, António
collection PubMed
description Nanoparticles (1 to 100 nm) have unique physical and chemical properties, which makes them suitable for application in a vast range of scientific and technological fields. In particular, metal nanoparticle (MNPs) research has been showing promising antimicrobial activities, paving the way for new applications. However, despite some research into their antimicrobial potential, the antimicrobial mechanisms are still not well determined. Nanoparticles’ biosynthesis, using plant extracts or microorganisms, has shown promising results as green alternatives to chemical synthesis; however, the knowledge regarding the mechanisms behind it is neither abundant nor consensual. In this review, findings from studies on the antimicrobial and biosynthesis mechanisms of MNPs were compiled and evidence-based mechanisms proposed. The first revealed the importance of enzymatic disturbance by internalized metal ions, while the second illustrated the role of reducing and negatively charged molecules. Additionally, the main results from recent studies (2018–2022) on the biosynthesis of MNPs using microorganisms were summarized and analyzed, evidencing a prevalence of research on silver nanoparticles synthesized using bacteria aiming toward testing their antimicrobial potential. Finally, a synopsis of studies on MNPs applied to cultural heritage materials showed potential for their future use in preservation.
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spelling pubmed-99609352023-02-26 Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage Carrapiço, António Martins, Maria Rosário Caldeira, Ana Teresa Mirão, José Dias, Luís Microorganisms Review Nanoparticles (1 to 100 nm) have unique physical and chemical properties, which makes them suitable for application in a vast range of scientific and technological fields. In particular, metal nanoparticle (MNPs) research has been showing promising antimicrobial activities, paving the way for new applications. However, despite some research into their antimicrobial potential, the antimicrobial mechanisms are still not well determined. Nanoparticles’ biosynthesis, using plant extracts or microorganisms, has shown promising results as green alternatives to chemical synthesis; however, the knowledge regarding the mechanisms behind it is neither abundant nor consensual. In this review, findings from studies on the antimicrobial and biosynthesis mechanisms of MNPs were compiled and evidence-based mechanisms proposed. The first revealed the importance of enzymatic disturbance by internalized metal ions, while the second illustrated the role of reducing and negatively charged molecules. Additionally, the main results from recent studies (2018–2022) on the biosynthesis of MNPs using microorganisms were summarized and analyzed, evidencing a prevalence of research on silver nanoparticles synthesized using bacteria aiming toward testing their antimicrobial potential. Finally, a synopsis of studies on MNPs applied to cultural heritage materials showed potential for their future use in preservation. MDPI 2023-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9960935/ /pubmed/36838343 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020378 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Carrapiço, António
Martins, Maria Rosário
Caldeira, Ana Teresa
Mirão, José
Dias, Luís
Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
title Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
title_full Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
title_fullStr Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
title_full_unstemmed Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
title_short Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
title_sort biosynthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles using microbial cultures: mechanisms, antimicrobial activity and applications to cultural heritage
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9960935/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838343
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020378
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