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Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
Nanoparticles (1 to 100 nm) have unique physical and chemical properties, which makes them suitable for application in a vast range of scientific and technological fields. In particular, metal nanoparticle (MNPs) research has been showing promising antimicrobial activities, paving the way for new ap...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9960935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838343 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020378 |
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author | Carrapiço, António Martins, Maria Rosário Caldeira, Ana Teresa Mirão, José Dias, Luís |
author_facet | Carrapiço, António Martins, Maria Rosário Caldeira, Ana Teresa Mirão, José Dias, Luís |
author_sort | Carrapiço, António |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nanoparticles (1 to 100 nm) have unique physical and chemical properties, which makes them suitable for application in a vast range of scientific and technological fields. In particular, metal nanoparticle (MNPs) research has been showing promising antimicrobial activities, paving the way for new applications. However, despite some research into their antimicrobial potential, the antimicrobial mechanisms are still not well determined. Nanoparticles’ biosynthesis, using plant extracts or microorganisms, has shown promising results as green alternatives to chemical synthesis; however, the knowledge regarding the mechanisms behind it is neither abundant nor consensual. In this review, findings from studies on the antimicrobial and biosynthesis mechanisms of MNPs were compiled and evidence-based mechanisms proposed. The first revealed the importance of enzymatic disturbance by internalized metal ions, while the second illustrated the role of reducing and negatively charged molecules. Additionally, the main results from recent studies (2018–2022) on the biosynthesis of MNPs using microorganisms were summarized and analyzed, evidencing a prevalence of research on silver nanoparticles synthesized using bacteria aiming toward testing their antimicrobial potential. Finally, a synopsis of studies on MNPs applied to cultural heritage materials showed potential for their future use in preservation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9960935 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99609352023-02-26 Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage Carrapiço, António Martins, Maria Rosário Caldeira, Ana Teresa Mirão, José Dias, Luís Microorganisms Review Nanoparticles (1 to 100 nm) have unique physical and chemical properties, which makes them suitable for application in a vast range of scientific and technological fields. In particular, metal nanoparticle (MNPs) research has been showing promising antimicrobial activities, paving the way for new applications. However, despite some research into their antimicrobial potential, the antimicrobial mechanisms are still not well determined. Nanoparticles’ biosynthesis, using plant extracts or microorganisms, has shown promising results as green alternatives to chemical synthesis; however, the knowledge regarding the mechanisms behind it is neither abundant nor consensual. In this review, findings from studies on the antimicrobial and biosynthesis mechanisms of MNPs were compiled and evidence-based mechanisms proposed. The first revealed the importance of enzymatic disturbance by internalized metal ions, while the second illustrated the role of reducing and negatively charged molecules. Additionally, the main results from recent studies (2018–2022) on the biosynthesis of MNPs using microorganisms were summarized and analyzed, evidencing a prevalence of research on silver nanoparticles synthesized using bacteria aiming toward testing their antimicrobial potential. Finally, a synopsis of studies on MNPs applied to cultural heritage materials showed potential for their future use in preservation. MDPI 2023-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9960935/ /pubmed/36838343 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020378 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Carrapiço, António Martins, Maria Rosário Caldeira, Ana Teresa Mirão, José Dias, Luís Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage |
title | Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage |
title_full | Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage |
title_fullStr | Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage |
title_full_unstemmed | Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage |
title_short | Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage |
title_sort | biosynthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles using microbial cultures: mechanisms, antimicrobial activity and applications to cultural heritage |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9960935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838343 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020378 |
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