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Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients

This study aims to analyze the serum neutralization capacity against Delta and Omicron variants in three clusters of individuals, including those who had recovered from COVID-19 and those who had received two and three doses of inactivated vaccine. Pseudovirus neutralization tests were performed on...

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Autores principales: Zhu, Yajuan, Zhong, Qianhong, Ma, Zhanzhong, Liu, Shuang, Lan, Yunhua, Peng, Bo, Zhang, Xiaomin, Shi, Xiaolu, Qu, Jing, Wu, Zhilong, Zhao, Zhimeng, Zhang, Xilin, Zhang, Dingmei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961257/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851348
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020471
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author Zhu, Yajuan
Zhong, Qianhong
Ma, Zhanzhong
Liu, Shuang
Lan, Yunhua
Peng, Bo
Zhang, Xiaomin
Shi, Xiaolu
Qu, Jing
Wu, Zhilong
Zhao, Zhimeng
Zhang, Xilin
Zhang, Dingmei
author_facet Zhu, Yajuan
Zhong, Qianhong
Ma, Zhanzhong
Liu, Shuang
Lan, Yunhua
Peng, Bo
Zhang, Xiaomin
Shi, Xiaolu
Qu, Jing
Wu, Zhilong
Zhao, Zhimeng
Zhang, Xilin
Zhang, Dingmei
author_sort Zhu, Yajuan
collection PubMed
description This study aims to analyze the serum neutralization capacity against Delta and Omicron variants in three clusters of individuals, including those who had recovered from COVID-19 and those who had received two and three doses of inactivated vaccine. Pseudovirus neutralization tests were performed on serum samples. The neutralizing titers between different groups were compared using the Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test. Among the two-dose vaccinees, the neutralization titers of the Omicron variant were reduced by approximately 3.1-fold compared to the wild-type virus (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, among the three-dose vaccinees, the neutralization titers for Delta and Omicron variants were 3.5-fold (p < 0.05) and 5.0-fold (p < 0.05) lower, respectively, as compared to the wild-type virus. In addition, among the recovering patients, the neutralization titers for Delta and Omicron variants were 3.9-fold (p < 0.05) and 29.1-fold (p < 0.05) lower, respectively, as compared to the wild-type virus. Overall, only 12.0% (11/92) of participants showed neutralizing titers against Omicron above the detection limit. The ability to neutralize wild-type pseudovirus was significantly boosted in three-dose vaccinees as compared to two-dose vaccinees. Sera from recovered patients showed greater neutralizing titers for the wild-type and Delta pseudoviruses than the two- and three-dose inactivated vaccine groups. The present study revealed a loss of neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant in almost all samples. Moreover, the immunization effect obtained through natural infection is more robust than that from the active immunization method of vaccination.
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spelling pubmed-99612572023-02-26 Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients Zhu, Yajuan Zhong, Qianhong Ma, Zhanzhong Liu, Shuang Lan, Yunhua Peng, Bo Zhang, Xiaomin Shi, Xiaolu Qu, Jing Wu, Zhilong Zhao, Zhimeng Zhang, Xilin Zhang, Dingmei Vaccines (Basel) Article This study aims to analyze the serum neutralization capacity against Delta and Omicron variants in three clusters of individuals, including those who had recovered from COVID-19 and those who had received two and three doses of inactivated vaccine. Pseudovirus neutralization tests were performed on serum samples. The neutralizing titers between different groups were compared using the Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test. Among the two-dose vaccinees, the neutralization titers of the Omicron variant were reduced by approximately 3.1-fold compared to the wild-type virus (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, among the three-dose vaccinees, the neutralization titers for Delta and Omicron variants were 3.5-fold (p < 0.05) and 5.0-fold (p < 0.05) lower, respectively, as compared to the wild-type virus. In addition, among the recovering patients, the neutralization titers for Delta and Omicron variants were 3.9-fold (p < 0.05) and 29.1-fold (p < 0.05) lower, respectively, as compared to the wild-type virus. Overall, only 12.0% (11/92) of participants showed neutralizing titers against Omicron above the detection limit. The ability to neutralize wild-type pseudovirus was significantly boosted in three-dose vaccinees as compared to two-dose vaccinees. Sera from recovered patients showed greater neutralizing titers for the wild-type and Delta pseudoviruses than the two- and three-dose inactivated vaccine groups. The present study revealed a loss of neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant in almost all samples. Moreover, the immunization effect obtained through natural infection is more robust than that from the active immunization method of vaccination. MDPI 2023-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9961257/ /pubmed/36851348 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020471 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhu, Yajuan
Zhong, Qianhong
Ma, Zhanzhong
Liu, Shuang
Lan, Yunhua
Peng, Bo
Zhang, Xiaomin
Shi, Xiaolu
Qu, Jing
Wu, Zhilong
Zhao, Zhimeng
Zhang, Xilin
Zhang, Dingmei
Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients
title Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients
title_full Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients
title_fullStr Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients
title_full_unstemmed Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients
title_short Neutralization Effect of Sera against Delta and Omicron in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Inactivated Vaccine Recipients
title_sort neutralization effect of sera against delta and omicron in patients recovering from covid-19 and inactivated vaccine recipients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961257/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851348
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020471
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