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Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks

In brain–computer interface (BCI) systems, motor imagery electroencephalography (MI-EEG) signals are commonly used to detect participant intent. Many factors, including low signal-to-noise ratios and few high-quality samples, make MI classification difficult. In order for BCI systems to function, MI...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Xie, Yu, Oniga, Stefan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961359/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850530
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041932
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author Xie, Yu
Oniga, Stefan
author_facet Xie, Yu
Oniga, Stefan
author_sort Xie, Yu
collection PubMed
description In brain–computer interface (BCI) systems, motor imagery electroencephalography (MI-EEG) signals are commonly used to detect participant intent. Many factors, including low signal-to-noise ratios and few high-quality samples, make MI classification difficult. In order for BCI systems to function, MI-EEG signals must be studied. In pattern recognition and other fields, deep learning approaches have recently been successfully applied. In contrast, few effective deep learning algorithms have been applied to BCI systems, especially MI-based systems. In this paper, we address these problems from two aspects based on the characteristics of EEG signals: first, we proposed a combined time–frequency domain data enhancement method. This method guarantees that the size of the training data is effectively increased while maintaining the intrinsic composition of the data. Second, our design consists of a parallel CNN that takes both raw EEG images and images transformed through continuous wavelet transform (CWT) as inputs. We conducted classification experiments on a public data set to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. According to experimental results based on the BCI Competition IV Dataset2a, the average classification accuracy is 97.61%. A comparison of the proposed algorithm with other algorithms shows that it performs better in classification. The algorithm can be used to improve the classification performance of MI-based BCIs and BCI systems created for people with disabilities.
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spelling pubmed-99613592023-02-26 Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks Xie, Yu Oniga, Stefan Sensors (Basel) Article In brain–computer interface (BCI) systems, motor imagery electroencephalography (MI-EEG) signals are commonly used to detect participant intent. Many factors, including low signal-to-noise ratios and few high-quality samples, make MI classification difficult. In order for BCI systems to function, MI-EEG signals must be studied. In pattern recognition and other fields, deep learning approaches have recently been successfully applied. In contrast, few effective deep learning algorithms have been applied to BCI systems, especially MI-based systems. In this paper, we address these problems from two aspects based on the characteristics of EEG signals: first, we proposed a combined time–frequency domain data enhancement method. This method guarantees that the size of the training data is effectively increased while maintaining the intrinsic composition of the data. Second, our design consists of a parallel CNN that takes both raw EEG images and images transformed through continuous wavelet transform (CWT) as inputs. We conducted classification experiments on a public data set to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. According to experimental results based on the BCI Competition IV Dataset2a, the average classification accuracy is 97.61%. A comparison of the proposed algorithm with other algorithms shows that it performs better in classification. The algorithm can be used to improve the classification performance of MI-based BCIs and BCI systems created for people with disabilities. MDPI 2023-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9961359/ /pubmed/36850530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041932 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Xie, Yu
Oniga, Stefan
Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks
title Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks
title_full Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks
title_fullStr Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks
title_full_unstemmed Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks
title_short Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based on Data Augmentation and Convolutional Neural Networks
title_sort classification of motor imagery eeg signals based on data augmentation and convolutional neural networks
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961359/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850530
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041932
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