Cargando…
Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering
A new technology is described that enables us to completely exclude liquid discharges during production of drinking water from surface sources. The proposed described technological scheme separates the natural water into a stream of purified drinking water and dewatered sludge. The sludge moisture h...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961422/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36837636 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020133 |
_version_ | 1784895750499467264 |
---|---|
author | Pervov, Alexei Spitsov, Dmitry |
author_facet | Pervov, Alexei Spitsov, Dmitry |
author_sort | Pervov, Alexei |
collection | PubMed |
description | A new technology is described that enables us to completely exclude liquid discharges during production of drinking water from surface sources. The proposed described technological scheme separates the natural water into a stream of purified drinking water and dewatered sludge. The sludge moisture has a value of 80 percent. The experimental program is described to treat the natural water with nanofiltration membranes and to produce a drinking-quality water with recovery value of 0.99 and higher. Concentrate of membrane plant is mixed with the wet sludge and the reject effluent after sludge dewatering is again treated by reverse osmosis membranes and returned back to the sludge thickening tank. Results of experiments to treat reject water after sludge dewatering are presented. The use of nanofiltration membranes provides reduction in the Total Dissolved Solids content (TDS), aluminum, color and oxidation to meet drinking water standards. Experimental plots are presented that can be used to select membrane characteristics and to predict product water chemical composition at each stage of the membrane treatment scheme. Concentrate of membrane treatment plant is mixed with the wet sludge in the thickening tank. The sludge, after the thickening tank, is dewatered using either filter-press or centrifugal equipment. The reject (or fugate), after sludge dewatering, is treated by membrane facility to separate it into deionized water stream and concentrate stream. The deionized water can be mixed with the feed water or drinking water and the concentrate stream is returned back to the thickening tank. Thus, the salt balance is maintained in the thickening tank, whereby all dissolved salts and impurities that are rejected by membranes are collected in the thickening tank, and then are withdrawn together with the dewatered sludge. Based on the results of experimental data processing, balance diagrams of the sludge dehydration process with waste water purification at the membrane plant and with the addition of the membrane plant concentrate to the sludge thickener are presented, according to which all contaminants removed by the membranes are removed together with the sludge. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9961422 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99614222023-02-26 Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering Pervov, Alexei Spitsov, Dmitry Membranes (Basel) Article A new technology is described that enables us to completely exclude liquid discharges during production of drinking water from surface sources. The proposed described technological scheme separates the natural water into a stream of purified drinking water and dewatered sludge. The sludge moisture has a value of 80 percent. The experimental program is described to treat the natural water with nanofiltration membranes and to produce a drinking-quality water with recovery value of 0.99 and higher. Concentrate of membrane plant is mixed with the wet sludge and the reject effluent after sludge dewatering is again treated by reverse osmosis membranes and returned back to the sludge thickening tank. Results of experiments to treat reject water after sludge dewatering are presented. The use of nanofiltration membranes provides reduction in the Total Dissolved Solids content (TDS), aluminum, color and oxidation to meet drinking water standards. Experimental plots are presented that can be used to select membrane characteristics and to predict product water chemical composition at each stage of the membrane treatment scheme. Concentrate of membrane treatment plant is mixed with the wet sludge in the thickening tank. The sludge, after the thickening tank, is dewatered using either filter-press or centrifugal equipment. The reject (or fugate), after sludge dewatering, is treated by membrane facility to separate it into deionized water stream and concentrate stream. The deionized water can be mixed with the feed water or drinking water and the concentrate stream is returned back to the thickening tank. Thus, the salt balance is maintained in the thickening tank, whereby all dissolved salts and impurities that are rejected by membranes are collected in the thickening tank, and then are withdrawn together with the dewatered sludge. Based on the results of experimental data processing, balance diagrams of the sludge dehydration process with waste water purification at the membrane plant and with the addition of the membrane plant concentrate to the sludge thickener are presented, according to which all contaminants removed by the membranes are removed together with the sludge. MDPI 2023-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9961422/ /pubmed/36837636 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020133 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pervov, Alexei Spitsov, Dmitry Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering |
title | Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering |
title_full | Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering |
title_fullStr | Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering |
title_full_unstemmed | Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering |
title_short | Production of Drinking Water with Membranes with Simultaneous Utilization of Concentrate and Reject Effluent after Sludge Dewatering |
title_sort | production of drinking water with membranes with simultaneous utilization of concentrate and reject effluent after sludge dewatering |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961422/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36837636 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020133 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT pervovalexei productionofdrinkingwaterwithmembraneswithsimultaneousutilizationofconcentrateandrejecteffluentaftersludgedewatering AT spitsovdmitry productionofdrinkingwaterwithmembraneswithsimultaneousutilizationofconcentrateandrejecteffluentaftersludgedewatering |