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Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies
Carcinoid syndrome represents a debilitating paraneoplastic disease, caused by the secretion of several substances, occurring in about 10–40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The main signs and symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome are flushing, diarrhea, hypo...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36835022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043610 |
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author | Vitale, Giovanni Carra, Silvia Alessi, Ylenia Campolo, Federica Pandozzi, Carla Zanata, Isabella Colao, Annamaria Faggiano, Antongiulio |
author_facet | Vitale, Giovanni Carra, Silvia Alessi, Ylenia Campolo, Federica Pandozzi, Carla Zanata, Isabella Colao, Annamaria Faggiano, Antongiulio |
author_sort | Vitale, Giovanni |
collection | PubMed |
description | Carcinoid syndrome represents a debilitating paraneoplastic disease, caused by the secretion of several substances, occurring in about 10–40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The main signs and symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome are flushing, diarrhea, hypotension, tachycardia, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and fibrotic complications (mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibrosis, and carcinoid heart disease). Although there are several drugs available for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome, the lack of therapeutic response, poor tolerance or resistance to drugs are often reported. Preclinical models are indispensable tools for investigating the pathogenesis, mechanisms for tumor progression and new therapeutic approaches for cancer. This paper provides a state-of-the-art overview of in vitro and in vivo models in NETs with carcinoid syndrome, highlighting the future developments and therapeutic approaches in this field. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9961914 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99619142023-02-26 Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies Vitale, Giovanni Carra, Silvia Alessi, Ylenia Campolo, Federica Pandozzi, Carla Zanata, Isabella Colao, Annamaria Faggiano, Antongiulio Int J Mol Sci Review Carcinoid syndrome represents a debilitating paraneoplastic disease, caused by the secretion of several substances, occurring in about 10–40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The main signs and symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome are flushing, diarrhea, hypotension, tachycardia, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and fibrotic complications (mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibrosis, and carcinoid heart disease). Although there are several drugs available for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome, the lack of therapeutic response, poor tolerance or resistance to drugs are often reported. Preclinical models are indispensable tools for investigating the pathogenesis, mechanisms for tumor progression and new therapeutic approaches for cancer. This paper provides a state-of-the-art overview of in vitro and in vivo models in NETs with carcinoid syndrome, highlighting the future developments and therapeutic approaches in this field. MDPI 2023-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9961914/ /pubmed/36835022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043610 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Vitale, Giovanni Carra, Silvia Alessi, Ylenia Campolo, Federica Pandozzi, Carla Zanata, Isabella Colao, Annamaria Faggiano, Antongiulio Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
title | Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
title_full | Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
title_fullStr | Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
title_full_unstemmed | Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
title_short | Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
title_sort | carcinoid syndrome: preclinical models and future therapeutic strategies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36835022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043610 |
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