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Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies

Carcinoid syndrome represents a debilitating paraneoplastic disease, caused by the secretion of several substances, occurring in about 10–40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The main signs and symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome are flushing, diarrhea, hypo...

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Autores principales: Vitale, Giovanni, Carra, Silvia, Alessi, Ylenia, Campolo, Federica, Pandozzi, Carla, Zanata, Isabella, Colao, Annamaria, Faggiano, Antongiulio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36835022
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043610
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author Vitale, Giovanni
Carra, Silvia
Alessi, Ylenia
Campolo, Federica
Pandozzi, Carla
Zanata, Isabella
Colao, Annamaria
Faggiano, Antongiulio
author_facet Vitale, Giovanni
Carra, Silvia
Alessi, Ylenia
Campolo, Federica
Pandozzi, Carla
Zanata, Isabella
Colao, Annamaria
Faggiano, Antongiulio
author_sort Vitale, Giovanni
collection PubMed
description Carcinoid syndrome represents a debilitating paraneoplastic disease, caused by the secretion of several substances, occurring in about 10–40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The main signs and symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome are flushing, diarrhea, hypotension, tachycardia, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and fibrotic complications (mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibrosis, and carcinoid heart disease). Although there are several drugs available for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome, the lack of therapeutic response, poor tolerance or resistance to drugs are often reported. Preclinical models are indispensable tools for investigating the pathogenesis, mechanisms for tumor progression and new therapeutic approaches for cancer. This paper provides a state-of-the-art overview of in vitro and in vivo models in NETs with carcinoid syndrome, highlighting the future developments and therapeutic approaches in this field.
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spelling pubmed-99619142023-02-26 Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies Vitale, Giovanni Carra, Silvia Alessi, Ylenia Campolo, Federica Pandozzi, Carla Zanata, Isabella Colao, Annamaria Faggiano, Antongiulio Int J Mol Sci Review Carcinoid syndrome represents a debilitating paraneoplastic disease, caused by the secretion of several substances, occurring in about 10–40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The main signs and symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome are flushing, diarrhea, hypotension, tachycardia, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and fibrotic complications (mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibrosis, and carcinoid heart disease). Although there are several drugs available for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome, the lack of therapeutic response, poor tolerance or resistance to drugs are often reported. Preclinical models are indispensable tools for investigating the pathogenesis, mechanisms for tumor progression and new therapeutic approaches for cancer. This paper provides a state-of-the-art overview of in vitro and in vivo models in NETs with carcinoid syndrome, highlighting the future developments and therapeutic approaches in this field. MDPI 2023-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9961914/ /pubmed/36835022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043610 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Vitale, Giovanni
Carra, Silvia
Alessi, Ylenia
Campolo, Federica
Pandozzi, Carla
Zanata, Isabella
Colao, Annamaria
Faggiano, Antongiulio
Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies
title Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies
title_full Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies
title_fullStr Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies
title_short Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies
title_sort carcinoid syndrome: preclinical models and future therapeutic strategies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36835022
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043610
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