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Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Primary malignant brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasm in childhood. Despite recent advances, many children affected by aggressive or metastatic brain tumors still present poor prognosis, therefore the development of more effective therapies is urgent. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been d...

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Autores principales: Abballe, Luana, Spinello, Zaira, Antonacci, Celeste, Coppola, Lucia, Miele, Ermanno, Catanzaro, Giuseppina, Miele, Evelina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962005/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839827
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020505
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author Abballe, Luana
Spinello, Zaira
Antonacci, Celeste
Coppola, Lucia
Miele, Ermanno
Catanzaro, Giuseppina
Miele, Evelina
author_facet Abballe, Luana
Spinello, Zaira
Antonacci, Celeste
Coppola, Lucia
Miele, Ermanno
Catanzaro, Giuseppina
Miele, Evelina
author_sort Abballe, Luana
collection PubMed
description Primary malignant brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasm in childhood. Despite recent advances, many children affected by aggressive or metastatic brain tumors still present poor prognosis, therefore the development of more effective therapies is urgent. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been discovered and isolated in both pediatric and adult patients with brain tumors (e.g., medulloblastoma, gliomas and ependymoma). CSCs are a small clonal population of cancer cells responsible for brain tumor initiation, maintenance and progression, displaying resistance to conventional anticancer therapies. CSCs are characterized by a specific repertoire of surface markers and intracellular specific pathways. These unique features of CSCs biology offer the opportunity to build therapeutic approaches to specifically target these cells in the complex tumor bulk. Treatment of pediatric brain tumors with classical chemotherapeutic regimen poses challenges both for tumor location and for the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Lastly, the application of chemotherapy to a developing brain is followed by long-term sequelae, especially on cognitive abilities. Novel avenues are emerging in the therapeutic panorama taking advantage of nanomedicine. In this review we will summarize nanoparticle-based approaches and the efficacy that NPs have intrinsically demonstrated and how they are also decorated by biomolecules. Furthermore, we propose novel cargoes together with recent advances in nanoparticle design/synthesis with the final aim to specifically target the insidious CSCs population in the tumor bulk.
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spelling pubmed-99620052023-02-26 Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives Abballe, Luana Spinello, Zaira Antonacci, Celeste Coppola, Lucia Miele, Ermanno Catanzaro, Giuseppina Miele, Evelina Pharmaceutics Review Primary malignant brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasm in childhood. Despite recent advances, many children affected by aggressive or metastatic brain tumors still present poor prognosis, therefore the development of more effective therapies is urgent. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been discovered and isolated in both pediatric and adult patients with brain tumors (e.g., medulloblastoma, gliomas and ependymoma). CSCs are a small clonal population of cancer cells responsible for brain tumor initiation, maintenance and progression, displaying resistance to conventional anticancer therapies. CSCs are characterized by a specific repertoire of surface markers and intracellular specific pathways. These unique features of CSCs biology offer the opportunity to build therapeutic approaches to specifically target these cells in the complex tumor bulk. Treatment of pediatric brain tumors with classical chemotherapeutic regimen poses challenges both for tumor location and for the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Lastly, the application of chemotherapy to a developing brain is followed by long-term sequelae, especially on cognitive abilities. Novel avenues are emerging in the therapeutic panorama taking advantage of nanomedicine. In this review we will summarize nanoparticle-based approaches and the efficacy that NPs have intrinsically demonstrated and how they are also decorated by biomolecules. Furthermore, we propose novel cargoes together with recent advances in nanoparticle design/synthesis with the final aim to specifically target the insidious CSCs population in the tumor bulk. MDPI 2023-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9962005/ /pubmed/36839827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020505 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Abballe, Luana
Spinello, Zaira
Antonacci, Celeste
Coppola, Lucia
Miele, Ermanno
Catanzaro, Giuseppina
Miele, Evelina
Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
title Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
title_full Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
title_fullStr Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
title_short Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery in Pediatric Brain Tumors’ Cancer Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
title_sort nanoparticles for drug and gene delivery in pediatric brain tumors’ cancer stem cells: current knowledge and future perspectives
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962005/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839827
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020505
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