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Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain

Emerging infectious diseases are one of the most important global health challenges because of their impact on human and animal health. The vector-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted between birds by mosquitos, but it can also infect humans and horses causing disease. The local circulation of...

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Autores principales: Ruiz-López, María José, Muñoz-Chimeno, Milagros, Figuerola, Jordi, Gavilán, Ana M., Varona, Sarai, Cuesta, Isabel, Martínez-de la Puente, Josué, Zaballos, Ángel, Molero, Francisca, Soriguer, Ramón C., Sánchez-Seco, Maria Paz, Ruiz, Santiago, Vázquez, Ana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962355/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851481
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020266
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author Ruiz-López, María José
Muñoz-Chimeno, Milagros
Figuerola, Jordi
Gavilán, Ana M.
Varona, Sarai
Cuesta, Isabel
Martínez-de la Puente, Josué
Zaballos, Ángel
Molero, Francisca
Soriguer, Ramón C.
Sánchez-Seco, Maria Paz
Ruiz, Santiago
Vázquez, Ana
author_facet Ruiz-López, María José
Muñoz-Chimeno, Milagros
Figuerola, Jordi
Gavilán, Ana M.
Varona, Sarai
Cuesta, Isabel
Martínez-de la Puente, Josué
Zaballos, Ángel
Molero, Francisca
Soriguer, Ramón C.
Sánchez-Seco, Maria Paz
Ruiz, Santiago
Vázquez, Ana
author_sort Ruiz-López, María José
collection PubMed
description Emerging infectious diseases are one of the most important global health challenges because of their impact on human and animal health. The vector-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted between birds by mosquitos, but it can also infect humans and horses causing disease. The local circulation of WNV in Spain has been known for decades, and since 2010, there have been regular outbreaks in horses, although only six cases were reported in humans until 2019. In 2020, Spain experienced a major outbreak with 77 human cases, which was followed by 6 additional cases in 2021, most of them in the Andalusian region (southern Spain). This study aimed to characterize the genomes of the WNV circulating in wild-trapped mosquitoes during 2020 and 2021 in Andalusia. We sequenced the WNV consensus genome from two mosquito pools and carried out the phylogenetic analyses. We also compared the obtained genomes with those sequenced from human samples obtained during the outbreak and the genomes obtained previously in Spain from birds (2007 and 2017), mosquitoes (2008) and horses (2010) to better understand the eco-epidemiology of WNV in Spain. As expected, the WNV genomes recovered from mosquito pools in 2020 were closely related to those recovered from humans of the same outbreak. In addition, the strain of WNV circulating in 2021 was highly related to the WNV strain that caused the 2020 outbreak, suggesting that WNV is overwintering in the area. Consequently, future outbreaks of the same strain may occur in in the future.
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spelling pubmed-99623552023-02-26 Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain Ruiz-López, María José Muñoz-Chimeno, Milagros Figuerola, Jordi Gavilán, Ana M. Varona, Sarai Cuesta, Isabel Martínez-de la Puente, Josué Zaballos, Ángel Molero, Francisca Soriguer, Ramón C. Sánchez-Seco, Maria Paz Ruiz, Santiago Vázquez, Ana Viruses Communication Emerging infectious diseases are one of the most important global health challenges because of their impact on human and animal health. The vector-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted between birds by mosquitos, but it can also infect humans and horses causing disease. The local circulation of WNV in Spain has been known for decades, and since 2010, there have been regular outbreaks in horses, although only six cases were reported in humans until 2019. In 2020, Spain experienced a major outbreak with 77 human cases, which was followed by 6 additional cases in 2021, most of them in the Andalusian region (southern Spain). This study aimed to characterize the genomes of the WNV circulating in wild-trapped mosquitoes during 2020 and 2021 in Andalusia. We sequenced the WNV consensus genome from two mosquito pools and carried out the phylogenetic analyses. We also compared the obtained genomes with those sequenced from human samples obtained during the outbreak and the genomes obtained previously in Spain from birds (2007 and 2017), mosquitoes (2008) and horses (2010) to better understand the eco-epidemiology of WNV in Spain. As expected, the WNV genomes recovered from mosquito pools in 2020 were closely related to those recovered from humans of the same outbreak. In addition, the strain of WNV circulating in 2021 was highly related to the WNV strain that caused the 2020 outbreak, suggesting that WNV is overwintering in the area. Consequently, future outbreaks of the same strain may occur in in the future. MDPI 2023-01-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9962355/ /pubmed/36851481 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020266 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Ruiz-López, María José
Muñoz-Chimeno, Milagros
Figuerola, Jordi
Gavilán, Ana M.
Varona, Sarai
Cuesta, Isabel
Martínez-de la Puente, Josué
Zaballos, Ángel
Molero, Francisca
Soriguer, Ramón C.
Sánchez-Seco, Maria Paz
Ruiz, Santiago
Vázquez, Ana
Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain
title Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain
title_full Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain
title_fullStr Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain
title_full_unstemmed Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain
title_short Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain
title_sort genomic analysis of west nile virus lineage 1 detected in mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 outbreaks in andalusia, spain
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962355/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851481
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020266
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