Cargando…

Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice

Arsenic (As) is extremely toxic to living organisms at high concentrations. Arsenobetaine (AsB), confirmed to be a non-toxic form, is the main contributor to As in the muscle tissue of marine fish. However, few studies have investigated the biotransformation and biodegradation of AsB in mammals. In...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zhang, Jichao, Ye, Zijun, Huang, Liping, Zhao, Qianyu, Dong, Kaige, Zhang, Wei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020091
_version_ 1784896067965288448
author Zhang, Jichao
Ye, Zijun
Huang, Liping
Zhao, Qianyu
Dong, Kaige
Zhang, Wei
author_facet Zhang, Jichao
Ye, Zijun
Huang, Liping
Zhao, Qianyu
Dong, Kaige
Zhang, Wei
author_sort Zhang, Jichao
collection PubMed
description Arsenic (As) is extremely toxic to living organisms at high concentrations. Arsenobetaine (AsB), confirmed to be a non-toxic form, is the main contributor to As in the muscle tissue of marine fish. However, few studies have investigated the biotransformation and biodegradation of AsB in mammals. In the current study, C57BL/6J mice were fed four different diets, namely, Yangjiang and Zhanjiang fish diets spiked with marine fish muscle containing AsB, and arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) diets spiked with As(III) and As(V), respectively, to investigate the biotransformation and bioaccumulation of AsB in mouse tissues for 42 d. Different diets exhibited different As species distributions, which contributed to varying levels of As bioaccumulation in different tissues. The intestines accumulated the highest level of As, regardless of form, which played a major part in As absorption and distribution in mice. We observed a significant biotransformation of AsB to As(V) following its diet exposure, and the liver, lungs, and spleen of AsB-treated mice showed higher As accumulation levels than those of As(III)- or As(V)-treated mice. Inorganic As showed relatively high accumulation levels in the lungs and spleen after long-term exposure to AsB. Overall, these findings provided strong evidence that AsB undergoes biotransformation to As(V) in mammals, indicating the potential health risk associated with long-term AsB intake in mammals.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9962689
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-99626892023-02-26 Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice Zhang, Jichao Ye, Zijun Huang, Liping Zhao, Qianyu Dong, Kaige Zhang, Wei Toxics Article Arsenic (As) is extremely toxic to living organisms at high concentrations. Arsenobetaine (AsB), confirmed to be a non-toxic form, is the main contributor to As in the muscle tissue of marine fish. However, few studies have investigated the biotransformation and biodegradation of AsB in mammals. In the current study, C57BL/6J mice were fed four different diets, namely, Yangjiang and Zhanjiang fish diets spiked with marine fish muscle containing AsB, and arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) diets spiked with As(III) and As(V), respectively, to investigate the biotransformation and bioaccumulation of AsB in mouse tissues for 42 d. Different diets exhibited different As species distributions, which contributed to varying levels of As bioaccumulation in different tissues. The intestines accumulated the highest level of As, regardless of form, which played a major part in As absorption and distribution in mice. We observed a significant biotransformation of AsB to As(V) following its diet exposure, and the liver, lungs, and spleen of AsB-treated mice showed higher As accumulation levels than those of As(III)- or As(V)-treated mice. Inorganic As showed relatively high accumulation levels in the lungs and spleen after long-term exposure to AsB. Overall, these findings provided strong evidence that AsB undergoes biotransformation to As(V) in mammals, indicating the potential health risk associated with long-term AsB intake in mammals. MDPI 2023-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9962689/ /pubmed/36850967 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020091 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhang, Jichao
Ye, Zijun
Huang, Liping
Zhao, Qianyu
Dong, Kaige
Zhang, Wei
Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice
title Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice
title_full Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice
title_fullStr Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice
title_full_unstemmed Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice
title_short Significant Biotransformation of Arsenobetaine into Inorganic Arsenic in Mice
title_sort significant biotransformation of arsenobetaine into inorganic arsenic in mice
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020091
work_keys_str_mv AT zhangjichao significantbiotransformationofarsenobetaineintoinorganicarsenicinmice
AT yezijun significantbiotransformationofarsenobetaineintoinorganicarsenicinmice
AT huangliping significantbiotransformationofarsenobetaineintoinorganicarsenicinmice
AT zhaoqianyu significantbiotransformationofarsenobetaineintoinorganicarsenicinmice
AT dongkaige significantbiotransformationofarsenobetaineintoinorganicarsenicinmice
AT zhangwei significantbiotransformationofarsenobetaineintoinorganicarsenicinmice