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Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Its heterogeneous clinical presentation is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, reproductive changes, polycystic ovary morphology, and insulin resistance (IR). The primary pathophysiolog...

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Autores principales: Herman, Rok, Sikonja, Jaka, Jensterle, Mojca, Janez, Andrej, Dolzan, Vita
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962893/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36834549
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043140
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author Herman, Rok
Sikonja, Jaka
Jensterle, Mojca
Janez, Andrej
Dolzan, Vita
author_facet Herman, Rok
Sikonja, Jaka
Jensterle, Mojca
Janez, Andrej
Dolzan, Vita
author_sort Herman, Rok
collection PubMed
description Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Its heterogeneous clinical presentation is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, reproductive changes, polycystic ovary morphology, and insulin resistance (IR). The primary pathophysiological process in its multifactorial etiology has not yet been identified. However, the two most proposed core etiologies are the disruption of insulin metabolism and hyperandrogenemia, both of which begin to intertwine and propagate each other in the later stages of the disease. Insulin metabolism can be viewed as the interconnectedness of beta cell function, IR or insulin sensitivity, and insulin clearance. Previous studies of insulin metabolism in PCOS patients have yielded conflicting results, and literature reviews have focused mainly on the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of IR. In this narrative review, we comprehensively explored the role of insulin secretion, clearance, and decreased sensitivity in target cells as a potential primary insult in PCOS pathogenesis, along with the molecular mechanism behind IR in PCOS.
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spelling pubmed-99628932023-02-26 Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance Herman, Rok Sikonja, Jaka Jensterle, Mojca Janez, Andrej Dolzan, Vita Int J Mol Sci Review Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Its heterogeneous clinical presentation is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, reproductive changes, polycystic ovary morphology, and insulin resistance (IR). The primary pathophysiological process in its multifactorial etiology has not yet been identified. However, the two most proposed core etiologies are the disruption of insulin metabolism and hyperandrogenemia, both of which begin to intertwine and propagate each other in the later stages of the disease. Insulin metabolism can be viewed as the interconnectedness of beta cell function, IR or insulin sensitivity, and insulin clearance. Previous studies of insulin metabolism in PCOS patients have yielded conflicting results, and literature reviews have focused mainly on the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of IR. In this narrative review, we comprehensively explored the role of insulin secretion, clearance, and decreased sensitivity in target cells as a potential primary insult in PCOS pathogenesis, along with the molecular mechanism behind IR in PCOS. MDPI 2023-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9962893/ /pubmed/36834549 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043140 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Herman, Rok
Sikonja, Jaka
Jensterle, Mojca
Janez, Andrej
Dolzan, Vita
Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance
title Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance
title_full Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance
title_fullStr Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance
title_full_unstemmed Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance
title_short Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance
title_sort insulin metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome: secretion, signaling, and clearance
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962893/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36834549
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043140
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