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Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation
High-energy heavy ion irradiation is a very useful tool for the nanostructuring of 2D materials because defects can be introduced in a controlled way. This approach is especially attractive for the mass production of graphene nanomembranes when nanopore size and density can easily be tuned by ion ir...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962982/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36836962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041332 |
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author | Iveković, Damjan Kumar, Sunil Gajović, Andrea Čižmar, Tihana Karlušić, Marko |
author_facet | Iveković, Damjan Kumar, Sunil Gajović, Andrea Čižmar, Tihana Karlušić, Marko |
author_sort | Iveković, Damjan |
collection | PubMed |
description | High-energy heavy ion irradiation is a very useful tool for the nanostructuring of 2D materials because defects can be introduced in a controlled way. This approach is especially attractive for the mass production of graphene nanomembranes when nanopore size and density can easily be tuned by ion irradiation parameters such as ion energy and applied fluence. Therefore, understanding the basic mechanisms in nanopore formation due to high-energy heavy ion impact is of the highest importance. In the present work, we used Raman spectroscopy to investigate the response of bilayer and trilayer graphene to this type of irradiation. Spectra obtained from graphene samples irradiated with 1.8 MeV I, 23 MeV I, 3 MeV Cu, 18 MeV Cu, and 12 MeV Si beams were analysed using the Lucchese model. It was found that the efficiency of damage production scales strongly with nuclear energy loss. Therefore, even for the most energetic 23 MeV I beam, the electronic energy loss does not contribute much to damage formation and ion tracks are unlikely to be formed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9962982 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99629822023-02-26 Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation Iveković, Damjan Kumar, Sunil Gajović, Andrea Čižmar, Tihana Karlušić, Marko Materials (Basel) Article High-energy heavy ion irradiation is a very useful tool for the nanostructuring of 2D materials because defects can be introduced in a controlled way. This approach is especially attractive for the mass production of graphene nanomembranes when nanopore size and density can easily be tuned by ion irradiation parameters such as ion energy and applied fluence. Therefore, understanding the basic mechanisms in nanopore formation due to high-energy heavy ion impact is of the highest importance. In the present work, we used Raman spectroscopy to investigate the response of bilayer and trilayer graphene to this type of irradiation. Spectra obtained from graphene samples irradiated with 1.8 MeV I, 23 MeV I, 3 MeV Cu, 18 MeV Cu, and 12 MeV Si beams were analysed using the Lucchese model. It was found that the efficiency of damage production scales strongly with nuclear energy loss. Therefore, even for the most energetic 23 MeV I beam, the electronic energy loss does not contribute much to damage formation and ion tracks are unlikely to be formed. MDPI 2023-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9962982/ /pubmed/36836962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041332 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Iveković, Damjan Kumar, Sunil Gajović, Andrea Čižmar, Tihana Karlušić, Marko Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation |
title | Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation |
title_full | Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation |
title_fullStr | Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation |
title_full_unstemmed | Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation |
title_short | Response of Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene to High-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation |
title_sort | response of bilayer and trilayer graphene to high-energy heavy ion irradiation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962982/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36836962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041332 |
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