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Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past
Viral quasispecies are distinct but closely related mutants formed by the disparity in viral genomes due to recombination, mutations, competition, and selection pressure. Theoretical derivation for the origin of a quasispecies is owed to the error-prone replication by polymerase and mutants of RNA r...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9963406/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851186 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020308 |
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author | Singh, Kiran Mehta, Deepa Dumka, Shaurya Chauhan, Aditya Singh Kumar, Sachin |
author_facet | Singh, Kiran Mehta, Deepa Dumka, Shaurya Chauhan, Aditya Singh Kumar, Sachin |
author_sort | Singh, Kiran |
collection | PubMed |
description | Viral quasispecies are distinct but closely related mutants formed by the disparity in viral genomes due to recombination, mutations, competition, and selection pressure. Theoretical derivation for the origin of a quasispecies is owed to the error-prone replication by polymerase and mutants of RNA replicators. Here, we briefly addressed the theoretical and mathematical origin of quasispecies and their dynamics. The impact of quasispecies for major salient human pathogens is reviewed. In the current global scenario, rapid changes in geographical landscapes favor the origin and selection of mutants. It comes as no surprise that a cauldron of mutants poses a significant risk to public health, capable of causing pandemics. Mutation rates in RNA viruses are magnitudes higher than in DNA organisms, explaining their enhanced virulence and evolvability. RNA viruses cause the most devastating pandemics; for example, members of the Orthomyxoviridae family caused the great influenza pandemic (1918 flu or Spanish flu), the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) outbreak, and the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), lentiviruses of the Retroviridae family, caused worldwide devastation. Rapidly evolving RNA virus populations are a daunting challenge for the designing of effective control measures like vaccines. Developing awareness of the evolutionary dispositions of RNA viral mutant spectra and what influences their adaptation and virulence will help curtail outbreaks of past and future pathogens. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9963406 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99634062023-02-26 Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past Singh, Kiran Mehta, Deepa Dumka, Shaurya Chauhan, Aditya Singh Kumar, Sachin Vaccines (Basel) Review Viral quasispecies are distinct but closely related mutants formed by the disparity in viral genomes due to recombination, mutations, competition, and selection pressure. Theoretical derivation for the origin of a quasispecies is owed to the error-prone replication by polymerase and mutants of RNA replicators. Here, we briefly addressed the theoretical and mathematical origin of quasispecies and their dynamics. The impact of quasispecies for major salient human pathogens is reviewed. In the current global scenario, rapid changes in geographical landscapes favor the origin and selection of mutants. It comes as no surprise that a cauldron of mutants poses a significant risk to public health, capable of causing pandemics. Mutation rates in RNA viruses are magnitudes higher than in DNA organisms, explaining their enhanced virulence and evolvability. RNA viruses cause the most devastating pandemics; for example, members of the Orthomyxoviridae family caused the great influenza pandemic (1918 flu or Spanish flu), the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) outbreak, and the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), lentiviruses of the Retroviridae family, caused worldwide devastation. Rapidly evolving RNA virus populations are a daunting challenge for the designing of effective control measures like vaccines. Developing awareness of the evolutionary dispositions of RNA viral mutant spectra and what influences their adaptation and virulence will help curtail outbreaks of past and future pathogens. MDPI 2023-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9963406/ /pubmed/36851186 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020308 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Singh, Kiran Mehta, Deepa Dumka, Shaurya Chauhan, Aditya Singh Kumar, Sachin Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past |
title | Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past |
title_full | Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past |
title_fullStr | Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past |
title_full_unstemmed | Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past |
title_short | Quasispecies Nature of RNA Viruses: Lessons from the Past |
title_sort | quasispecies nature of rna viruses: lessons from the past |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9963406/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851186 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020308 |
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