Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda

Tungiasis is an important but highly neglected cause of morbidity in resource-poor communities in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. Data upon which implementation of control measures can be based are scarce. Before piloting an integrated tungiasis control program in three parishes of Napak distr...

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Autores principales: Mutebi, Francis, McNeilly, Hannah, Thielecke, Marlene, Reichert, Felix, Wiese, Susanne, Mukone, George, Feldmeier, Hermann
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9963877/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36828527
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8020111
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author Mutebi, Francis
McNeilly, Hannah
Thielecke, Marlene
Reichert, Felix
Wiese, Susanne
Mukone, George
Feldmeier, Hermann
author_facet Mutebi, Francis
McNeilly, Hannah
Thielecke, Marlene
Reichert, Felix
Wiese, Susanne
Mukone, George
Feldmeier, Hermann
author_sort Mutebi, Francis
collection PubMed
description Tungiasis is an important but highly neglected cause of morbidity in resource-poor communities in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. Data upon which implementation of control measures can be based are scarce. Before piloting an integrated tungiasis control program in three parishes of Napak district, Uganda, a cross-sectional survey involving the systematic examination of humans and domestic mammals was implemented to establish the occurrence patterns of tungiasis. The study population was 5482 residents, of which 4035 (73.6%) participated in the study. The prevalence of tungiasis in humans was 62.8% (95% CI: 61.3–64.3%), with slightly more males than females affected (p = 0.01). Age-specific prevalence and intensity of human tungiasis followed an S-curve pattern, with children of 5–14 years and the elderly (≥60 years) being the most affected. Half of all lesions (50%) had been manipulated by sharp objects. The prevalence of tungiasis in animals was lower (14.2%, 95% CI: 10.9–18.0) than that of humans (p < 0.001). Animal tungiasis occurred in decreasing order of frequency in pigs (80%), dogs (24%), goats (16.3%), cats (8.1%) and sheep (4.9%). In conclusion, human tungiasis was highly prevalent but animal infections were comparatively few in the study area. Nevertheless, effective control measures should be based on One Health principles.
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spelling pubmed-99638772023-02-26 Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda Mutebi, Francis McNeilly, Hannah Thielecke, Marlene Reichert, Felix Wiese, Susanne Mukone, George Feldmeier, Hermann Trop Med Infect Dis Article Tungiasis is an important but highly neglected cause of morbidity in resource-poor communities in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. Data upon which implementation of control measures can be based are scarce. Before piloting an integrated tungiasis control program in three parishes of Napak district, Uganda, a cross-sectional survey involving the systematic examination of humans and domestic mammals was implemented to establish the occurrence patterns of tungiasis. The study population was 5482 residents, of which 4035 (73.6%) participated in the study. The prevalence of tungiasis in humans was 62.8% (95% CI: 61.3–64.3%), with slightly more males than females affected (p = 0.01). Age-specific prevalence and intensity of human tungiasis followed an S-curve pattern, with children of 5–14 years and the elderly (≥60 years) being the most affected. Half of all lesions (50%) had been manipulated by sharp objects. The prevalence of tungiasis in animals was lower (14.2%, 95% CI: 10.9–18.0) than that of humans (p < 0.001). Animal tungiasis occurred in decreasing order of frequency in pigs (80%), dogs (24%), goats (16.3%), cats (8.1%) and sheep (4.9%). In conclusion, human tungiasis was highly prevalent but animal infections were comparatively few in the study area. Nevertheless, effective control measures should be based on One Health principles. MDPI 2023-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9963877/ /pubmed/36828527 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8020111 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Mutebi, Francis
McNeilly, Hannah
Thielecke, Marlene
Reichert, Felix
Wiese, Susanne
Mukone, George
Feldmeier, Hermann
Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda
title Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda
title_full Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda
title_fullStr Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda
title_short Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Human and Animal Tungiasis in Napak District, Karamoja, Northeastern Uganda
title_sort prevalence and infection intensity of human and animal tungiasis in napak district, karamoja, northeastern uganda
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9963877/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36828527
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8020111
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