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Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity
A new series of hydrogels was successfully prepared by incorporating various substituted bisuracil (R-BU) linkages between chitosan Schiff’s base chains (R-BU-CsSB) and between chitosan chains (R-BU-Cs). After protection of the amino groups of chitosan by benzaldehyde, yielding chitosan Schiff’s bas...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9964190/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850260 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15040980 |
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author | Alharbi, Rana A. Alminderej, Fahad M. Al-Harby, Nouf F. Elmehbad, Noura Y. Mohamed, Nadia A. |
author_facet | Alharbi, Rana A. Alminderej, Fahad M. Al-Harby, Nouf F. Elmehbad, Noura Y. Mohamed, Nadia A. |
author_sort | Alharbi, Rana A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | A new series of hydrogels was successfully prepared by incorporating various substituted bisuracil (R-BU) linkages between chitosan Schiff’s base chains (R-BU-CsSB) and between chitosan chains (R-BU-Cs). After protection of the amino groups of chitosan by benzaldehyde, yielding chitosan Schiff’s base (CsSB), the reaction with epichlorohydrin was confined on the -OH on C6 to produce epoxy chitosan Schiff’s base (ECsSB), which was reacted with R-BU to form R-BU-CsSB hydrogels, and finally, the bioactive amino groups of chitosan were restored to obtain R-BU-Cs hydrogels. Further, some R-BU-Cs-based ZnO nanoparticle (R-BU-Cs/ZnONPs) composites were also prepared. Appropriate techniques such as elemental analysis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX were used to verify their structures. Their inhibition potency against all the tested microbes were arranged as: ZnONPs bio-composites > R-BU-Cs hydrogels > R-BU-CsSB hydrogels > Cs. Their inhibition performance against Gram-positive bacteria was better than Gram-negative ones. Their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values decreased as a function of the negative resonance effect of the substituents in the aryl ring of R-BU linkages in the hydrogels. Compared with Vancomycin, the ZnONPs bio-composites showed superior inhibitory effects against most of the tested Gram-negative bacteria, all inspected Gram-positive ones, and all investigated fungi. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9964190 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99641902023-02-26 Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity Alharbi, Rana A. Alminderej, Fahad M. Al-Harby, Nouf F. Elmehbad, Noura Y. Mohamed, Nadia A. Polymers (Basel) Article A new series of hydrogels was successfully prepared by incorporating various substituted bisuracil (R-BU) linkages between chitosan Schiff’s base chains (R-BU-CsSB) and between chitosan chains (R-BU-Cs). After protection of the amino groups of chitosan by benzaldehyde, yielding chitosan Schiff’s base (CsSB), the reaction with epichlorohydrin was confined on the -OH on C6 to produce epoxy chitosan Schiff’s base (ECsSB), which was reacted with R-BU to form R-BU-CsSB hydrogels, and finally, the bioactive amino groups of chitosan were restored to obtain R-BU-Cs hydrogels. Further, some R-BU-Cs-based ZnO nanoparticle (R-BU-Cs/ZnONPs) composites were also prepared. Appropriate techniques such as elemental analysis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX were used to verify their structures. Their inhibition potency against all the tested microbes were arranged as: ZnONPs bio-composites > R-BU-Cs hydrogels > R-BU-CsSB hydrogels > Cs. Their inhibition performance against Gram-positive bacteria was better than Gram-negative ones. Their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values decreased as a function of the negative resonance effect of the substituents in the aryl ring of R-BU linkages in the hydrogels. Compared with Vancomycin, the ZnONPs bio-composites showed superior inhibitory effects against most of the tested Gram-negative bacteria, all inspected Gram-positive ones, and all investigated fungi. MDPI 2023-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9964190/ /pubmed/36850260 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15040980 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alharbi, Rana A. Alminderej, Fahad M. Al-Harby, Nouf F. Elmehbad, Noura Y. Mohamed, Nadia A. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity |
title | Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity |
title_full | Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity |
title_fullStr | Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity |
title_full_unstemmed | Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity |
title_short | Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity |
title_sort | design, synthesis, and characterization of novel bis-uracil chitosan hydrogels modified with zinc oxide nanoparticles for boosting their antimicrobial activity |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9964190/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850260 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15040980 |
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