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Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight

Obesity causes gut dysbiosis; nevertheless, little is known about the oral microbiome. We aimed to identify differences in the subgingival microbiota influenced by body weight and periodontal status. Patients (n = 75) recruited at the University Dental Hospital Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, were di...

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Autores principales: Rahman, Betul, Al-Marzooq, Farah, Saad, Hiba, Benzina, Dalenda, Al Kawas, Sausan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9965236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839184
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15040826
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author Rahman, Betul
Al-Marzooq, Farah
Saad, Hiba
Benzina, Dalenda
Al Kawas, Sausan
author_facet Rahman, Betul
Al-Marzooq, Farah
Saad, Hiba
Benzina, Dalenda
Al Kawas, Sausan
author_sort Rahman, Betul
collection PubMed
description Obesity causes gut dysbiosis; nevertheless, little is known about the oral microbiome. We aimed to identify differences in the subgingival microbiota influenced by body weight and periodontal status. Patients (n = 75) recruited at the University Dental Hospital Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, were distributed into three equal groups (healthy weight, overweight, and obese) sub-divided into having either no-mild (NM) or moderate-severe (MS) periodontitis. Subgingival plaques were collected. Microbiota were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing using nanopore technology. Linear discriminant analysis demonstrated significant bacterial biomarkers for body weight and periodontal health. Unique microbiota signatures were identified, with enrichment of periopathogens in patients with MS periodontitis (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in obese, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola in overweight, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in healthy weight), thus reflecting differences in the microbiota affected by body weight. Other pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were enriched in overweight subjects with NM periodontitis, suggesting an increase in the relative abundance of pathogens even in patients with good periodontal health if they were overweight. Alpha and beta diversities were significantly different among the groups. Dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiota in obese and overweight individuals was associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease, which was correlated with the body mass index. This study highlights the immense importance of the oral microbiome and the need for lifestyle and dental interventions to resolve oral dysbiosis and restore normal homeostasis.
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spelling pubmed-99652362023-02-26 Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight Rahman, Betul Al-Marzooq, Farah Saad, Hiba Benzina, Dalenda Al Kawas, Sausan Nutrients Article Obesity causes gut dysbiosis; nevertheless, little is known about the oral microbiome. We aimed to identify differences in the subgingival microbiota influenced by body weight and periodontal status. Patients (n = 75) recruited at the University Dental Hospital Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, were distributed into three equal groups (healthy weight, overweight, and obese) sub-divided into having either no-mild (NM) or moderate-severe (MS) periodontitis. Subgingival plaques were collected. Microbiota were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing using nanopore technology. Linear discriminant analysis demonstrated significant bacterial biomarkers for body weight and periodontal health. Unique microbiota signatures were identified, with enrichment of periopathogens in patients with MS periodontitis (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in obese, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola in overweight, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in healthy weight), thus reflecting differences in the microbiota affected by body weight. Other pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were enriched in overweight subjects with NM periodontitis, suggesting an increase in the relative abundance of pathogens even in patients with good periodontal health if they were overweight. Alpha and beta diversities were significantly different among the groups. Dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiota in obese and overweight individuals was associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease, which was correlated with the body mass index. This study highlights the immense importance of the oral microbiome and the need for lifestyle and dental interventions to resolve oral dysbiosis and restore normal homeostasis. MDPI 2023-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9965236/ /pubmed/36839184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15040826 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rahman, Betul
Al-Marzooq, Farah
Saad, Hiba
Benzina, Dalenda
Al Kawas, Sausan
Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight
title Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight
title_full Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight
title_fullStr Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight
title_full_unstemmed Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight
title_short Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight
title_sort dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiome and relation to periodontal disease in association with obesity and overweight
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9965236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36839184
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15040826
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